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"THE NULL HYPOTHESIS refers to a general statement or default position that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena. Rejecting or disproving the null hypothesis ... is a central task in the modern practice of science, and gives a precise sense in which a claim is capable of being proven false." http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_hypothesis View in LinkedIn

PROOF LACKING. "Since no such proof is possible [that genetically modified food is harmless], the article in The New York Times was what is called a "bad rap" against the U.S. Department of Agriculture—a bad rap based on a junk-science belief that it's possible to prove a null hypothesis." http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junk_science View in LinkedIn

WE ARE NUMB TO SPIN AND MENDACITY. "In 2010 ... a largely numbed state, mainlining anesthetics that induce routine torpor. In that context, the conformity of mild dissent is apt to be mistaken for outspoken moral acuity. In a numbed process, filtered through media and political buzz phrases, we talk about one number, then another. Numb and number." http://lnkd.in/dpmYzsC View in LinkedIn

JUNK SCIENCE. "The vilification of threatening research as "junk science" and the corresponding sanctification of industry-commissioned research as "sound science" has become nothing less than standard operating procedure." http://lnkd.in/dNgQcXG View in LinkedIn

BIG SPENDING ON SPIN. "Corporations, governments, and special interest groups spend at least 30 billion dollars annually -- exclusively, to f___ with you."" "ttp://http://lnkd.in/drkjSke View in LinkedIn

FOX NEWS CITES JUNK SCIENCE: "Top Ten Junk Science Stories of the Past Decade." These include the toxicity of dioxin, pesticides and PCB hormone disrupters, acrylamide in chips, and global warming. http://lnkd.in/dxmJx6H View in LinkedIn

REALITY DISTORTION. “Half the work done in the world is to make things appear what they are not.” E.R. Beadle. http://lnkd.in/dw8npjn View in LinkedIn

EXAMPLE OF JUNK SCIENCE CLAIM. “Only desperate climate alarmists would have the gall to suggest the IPCC produces ‘conservative’ estimates of climate change in light of a growing mountain of evidence that the IPCC actually exaggerates potential climate change." (Pat Michaels, director of Cato’s Center for the Study of Science). http://lnkd.in/dRVUJXc View in LinkedIn

THE IRAQ WAR was used simply as one example of public relations today, and how the public view can be skillfully (or not) manipulated. It sets the context for trade discussions between the New a World and the Old World (relatively speaking). Not in any way to suggest that Europe is without spin, but to suggest that the level and quantity in the US is far greater. View in LinkedIn

RISK ASSESSMENT is managing the posibility of a Black Swan event, which would be a catastrophic event, such as the worst outcome of climate change. When the experimental outcome is not possible to know in advance, the prudent course is precaution. View in LinkedIn