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THREE PATTERN MOTOFS. "All shell patterns fall into three basic classes: stripes perpendicular to the growing edge, bands parallel to the growing edge, and complex patterns created by asymmetric "traveling waves" of pigment or calcium deposition." https://lnkd.in/dbb9aAU View in LinkedIn

SHELL PATTERNS IN SPACE AND TIME. "The patterns on shells of molluscs show an overwhelming diversity. Very little is known about the biological basis of shell patterning." (1987). A beautifil theoretical analysis of the complex pattern motifs of some shells. http://www.eb.tuebingen.mpg.de/research/emeriti/hans-meinhardt/shells.html View in LinkedIn

SHELLS AS THOUGHTS OF A MOLLUSK. "The pattern on a seashell is the mollusk's memories ... The shell is laid down in layers, so the mantle is sensing the history of the mollusk's 'thoughts' and extrapolating to the next layer, just like our brains project into the future." https://lnkd.in/dbb9aAU View in LinkedIn

MATHEMATATICIANS DESCRIBE BIOLOGY. "Biological morphogenesis is a mechanical pro- cess that connects genetic, molecular, and cellular activities with the macroscopic deformations shaping organisms. ... shell morphogenesis can be thought of as a trajectory unfolding in a shape space constrained by geometry and mechanics." https://lnkd.in/dSJZzWB View in LinkedIn

COMPLEXITY OF SHELLS, and their construction from within. A truly beautiful deck worth reading. https://lnkd.in/dPSBurq View in LinkedIn

"THE EVOLUTION OF A SHELL. In the second process, the aperture shape evolves, producing ornamentation such as ribs or spines on the shell surface." https://lnkd.in/dSJZzWB View in LinkedIn

"THE EVOLUTION OF A SHELL. In one process, the shell aperture undergoes coiling, dilation, translation, and rotation. these rates are highly controlled throughout the shell development, and the resulting shell form has the mathematical regularity." https://lnkd.in/dSJZzWB View in LinkedIn

"LOGARITHMIC COILING IN SHELLS was first mathematically described over a century ago, the developmental bases of these shell forms remains unknown. Similarly, the three-dimensional ornamentations on shells, which can be seen as a deviation from simple coiling, emerge through largely unknown processes." https://lnkd.in/dSJZzWB View in LinkedIn

COILING GENES. "The direction of snail shell coiling is controlled by a single pair of genes ... there is a right-coiling allele D, which is dominant to the left-coiling allele d ... However, the direction of cleavage is determined not by the genotype of the developing snail, but by the genotype of the snail's mother." https://lnkd.in/dctHRnB View in LinkedIn

COILING FIXED. "Usually, the direction of coiling is the same for all members of a given species. Occasionally, though, mutants are found." https://lnkd.in/dctHRnB View in LinkedIn