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PHOTONIC CRYSTALS. "In this paper we pursue the rather appealing analogy between the behavior of electromagnetic waves in artificial, three-dimensionally periodic, dielectric structures and the rather more familiar behavior of electron waves in natural crystals. These artificial two- and three-dimensionally periodic structures we call photonic crystals." https://lnkd.in/eGCJ-37 View in LinkedIn

QUASICRYSTALS. "Crystal with "forbidden symmetry" found in 4.5 billion-year-old meteorite." These rare quasicrystals are somewhere between crystals and random states. http://www.iflscience.com/space/crystal-forbidden-symmetry-found-45-billion-year-old-meteorite View in LinkedIn

LIGHT TRUMPS ELECTRONS. "Scientists are mow turning to light instead of electrons as the information carrier. Light has several advantages over the electron," including traveling faster, carrying more information, having a larger bandwidth, and having lower energy losses. https://lnkd.in/ePpnEbv View in LinkedIn

THE PHOTONIC GAP. "Photonic crystals are materials patterned with a periodicity in dielectric constant, which can create a range of 'forbidden' frequencies called a photonic gap. Photons with energies lying in the bandwidth cannot propagate through the medium. This provides the opportunity to shape and mould the flow of light for photonic information technology." https://lnkd.in/ePpnEbv View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHY, SYMMETRY AND STRUCTURE. The Grand Opus on the subject containing everything you might wish to know in the topic. Magnificent. https://lnkd.in/ewx3NaX View in LinkedIn

NATURAL STRUCTURAL COLORS AND ANISOTROPHY. Natural iridescent colors occur due to thin film interference, multilayer interference, diffraction gratings and photonic crystals. In all cases, incoming photons are split into anisotropic streams that are manipulated by interference, reflection, refraction and scattering to cause vivid colors. A brilliant review. https://lnkd.in/e9TqwZr View in LinkedIn

"PHOTONIC CRYSTALS are periodic optical nano structures that affect the motion of photons in much the way that ionic lattices affect electrons in solids. Photonic crystals occur in nature in the form of structural coloration," and in electronics as semiconductors, the heart of our electronic age. https://lnkd.in/e6AS5ZZ View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHIC NATURE. "Other complex and anisotropic biological examples include unique photonic properties of butterfly wings, superhydrophobicity of lotus leaves, enhanced fluid and air flow sensing of fish and spider hairs, and antireflective properties of fly eyes." Brilliant inventions. https://lnkd.in/eRkbyCT View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHY FOR COMPLEXITY. "Nature provides numerous examples where anisotropic shapes and directional interactions are crucial to biological functioning and higher-order organization of anisotropic building blocks." https://lnkd.in/eRkbyCT View in LinkedIn

BONE AND WOOD, as well as many natural fibers, display many physical anisotropic properties which depend on the direction of the measurement (anisotrophic). Nature figured this manipulatable property out very early. http://www.scientific.net/AST.84.1 View in LinkedIn