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THE PHOTONIC GAP. "Photonic crystals are materials patterned with a periodicity in dielectric constant, which can create a range of 'forbidden' frequencies called a photonic gap. Photons with energies lying in the bandwidth cannot propagate through the medium. This provides the opportunity to shape and mould the flow of light for photonic information technology." https://lnkd.in/ePpnEbv View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHY, SYMMETRY AND STRUCTURE. The Grand Opus on the subject containing everything you might wish to know in the topic. Magnificent. https://lnkd.in/ewx3NaX View in LinkedIn

NATURAL STRUCTURAL COLORS AND ANISOTROPHY. Natural iridescent colors occur due to thin film interference, multilayer interference, diffraction gratings and photonic crystals. In all cases, incoming photons are split into anisotropic streams that are manipulated by interference, reflection, refraction and scattering to cause vivid colors. A brilliant review. https://lnkd.in/e9TqwZr View in LinkedIn

"PHOTONIC CRYSTALS are periodic optical nano structures that affect the motion of photons in much the way that ionic lattices affect electrons in solids. Photonic crystals occur in nature in the form of structural coloration," and in electronics as semiconductors, the heart of our electronic age. https://lnkd.in/e6AS5ZZ View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHIC NATURE. "Other complex and anisotropic biological examples include unique photonic properties of butterfly wings, superhydrophobicity of lotus leaves, enhanced fluid and air flow sensing of fish and spider hairs, and antireflective properties of fly eyes." Brilliant inventions. https://lnkd.in/eRkbyCT View in LinkedIn

ANISOTROPHY FOR COMPLEXITY. "Nature provides numerous examples where anisotropic shapes and directional interactions are crucial to biological functioning and higher-order organization of anisotropic building blocks." https://lnkd.in/eRkbyCT View in LinkedIn

BONE AND WOOD, as well as many natural fibers, display many physical anisotropic properties which depend on the direction of the measurement (anisotrophic). Nature figured this manipulatable property out very early. http://www.scientific.net/AST.84.1 View in LinkedIn

"CRYSTALS are often anisotropic, and in some media (such as liquid crystals) it is possible to induce anisotrophy by applying an electric field." Hence Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) that are everywhere today. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_optics View in LinkedIn

VERTICAL TRANSFER of the oral microbiome occurs from mother to child, with less dysbiosis by vaginal birth, no use of antibiotics, and breast feeding. This microbiome continues "a dialogue" with the host immune system via host pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLR) playing a key role. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4071637/ View in LinkedIn

"ANISOTOPHY is the property of being directionally dependent." This means having the possibility of using this property for gating symmetrical and unstructured energy into useful information capable of doing work. https://lnkd.in/eRixx4Z View in LinkedIn