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QUANTUM BIOLOGY (QB): "the leading thread in the studies about QB is information, i.e. information processing. A biological cell also processes information and engages in signaling thereby actively performing computation." https://lnkd.in/e3j9PFZ View in LinkedIn

COHERENCE AND ENTANGLEMENT. "Physicists find quantum coherence and quantum entanglement are two sides of the same coin." https://lnkd.in/eedvwM6 View in LinkedIn

SPARK HAS IGNITED. "The US defence research agency, Darpa, has been running a nationwide quantum biology network since 2010. Departments dedicated to the topic are springing up in countries ranging from Germany to India." https://lnkd.in/eHd7eD8 View in LinkedIn

SPARK HAS IGNITED. "In 2012, the European Science Foundation launched its Farquest programme, aiming to map out a pan-European quantum research structure in which quantum biology plays a big role." https://lnkd.in/eHd7eD8 View in LinkedIn

NEXT WEEKEND'S FRAGMENT deals with pathologies when ATP synthase goes wrong, and how cells try and cope without this key protein machine making cellular ATP efficiently. View in LinkedIn

ATP RELEASE. "Thus, the role of the proton gradient is not to form ATP but to release it from the synthase. Three β subunits (of ATP synthase) allow sequential ADP and Pi binding, ATP synthesis, and ATP release," all by changes in the subunit shape of this remarkable molecular motor. https://lnkd.in/eR7JqfY View in LinkedIn

ATP RELEASE. "How does the flow of protons drive the synthesis of ATP? Enzyme-bound ATP forms readily in the absence of a proton-motive force." https://lnkd.in/eR7JqfY View in LinkedIn

PROTON-MOTIVE FORCE. "This causes the rotor part of the enzyme to spin in one direction, while causing the stator, another part of the enzymatic motor, to spin in the opposite direction." https://lnkd.in/etBMPDW View in LinkedIn

"PROTON-MOTIVE FORCE is the energy of the proton concentration gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondrial (animals) or chloroplast (plants) organs where ATP is synthesized. Protons passing through the stalk portion of ATP synthase is coupled to ATP synthesis." https://lnkd.in/etBMPDW View in LinkedIn

PROTON GRADIENT DRIVES ATP SYNTHESIS. "Oxidation and phosphorylation are coupled by a proton gradient is now supported by a wealth of evidence. Indeed, electron transport does generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane." https://lnkd.in/eR7JqfY View in LinkedIn