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SWARM SOPHISTICATION. "It is now possible to appreciate how sophisticatedly the competent agents act in the case of endogenous retroviral swarms, that have reached a persistent and nonlytic lifestyle." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS. "These agents enable complex organisms to integrate several temporal steps and a great variety of coordinated signalling processes in eukaryotic cell replication, fix them in a conserved DNA storage medium, and if necessary, resolve conservation, change, rearrange, or newly construct the whole genomic content and sequence order." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

POWERFUL GENETIC MAKEOVERS. "Recent research shows extensive dynamic DNA remodelling by mobile agents, such as transposons, retroposons, and noncoding RNAs, which are able to cause a wide variety of DNA arrangements, rearrangements, and recombinations." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

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PERSISTENT RNA RETROVIRUSES. "In becoming part of the identity of the host genotype they change the genome formation and transfer a phenotype to the host that noninfected host genomes do not possess." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

PERSISTENT RNA RETROVIRUSES. "The overwhelming majority are nonlytic but persistent retroviruses. They infect the host organism and integrate their gag, pol, env functional parts into the host genome and adapt to the replication cycle of the host organism without leaving the host cells." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

NON-LYTIC LIFESTYLE. "We can find similar reproduction patterns in RNA viruses. Replication of retroviruses in eukaryotes depends on successful entry into the membrane of host cells. Some retroviruses circumvent this active entry of the cellular membrane in that they wait until the start of the cell-cycle phase-dependent dissolution of the cell membrane during replication." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

NON-CODING RNA NEEDS. "To ensure this function and its fine-tuned regulation, they need a highly conserved regulative viral protein domain with characteristic host interactions to use (manipulate) the host replication for their special needs. Their behavioral pattern is adapted to the host and circumvents the acute lytic phase." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

NON-CODING RNA WINDOWS. "Their persistent status is changed into an active role only during a strictly defined phase of the cell cycle in which they are needed for a specialized function and are still competent, most likely being adapted especially for this function. After fulfilling this function they disappear again." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

PERSISTENT VIRUSES. "Their active role is regulated and depends on the cell cycle of the host in which they are transcribed, replicated, and silenced again during a certain phase of the cell cycle." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn