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INTRON REMOVAL. Genetic "information is transcribed from DNA into a messenger RNA (mRNA) template by a process called transcription. However, in eukaryotes, before the mRNA can be translated into proteins, non-coding portions of the sequence, called introns, must be removed and protein-coding parts, called exons, joined by RNA splicing to produce a mature mRNA." http://bitesizebio.com/10148/what-is-alternative-splicing-and-why-is-it-important/ View in LinkedIn

INTRONS HOUSE MOBILE ELEMENTS. "About 40% of the human genome is comprised of intronic regions; however, this figure is likely an overestimate as it includes all annotated events. It is also important to note that a large fraction of TEs and repetitive elements are found in introns." (TE = transposable elements). http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

INTRONS. "In some genes, not all of the DNA sequence is used to make protein. Introns are noncoding sections of an RNA transcript, or the DNA encoding it, that are spliced out before the RNA molecule is translated into a protein. The sections of DNA (or RNA) that code for proteins are called exons." https://lnkd.in/eJuUs5M View in LinkedIn

SLOWLY EXPANDING INFORMATION. "Others, such as telomeric- and centromeric-associated repeats, play critical roles in chromosomal maintenance. Despite this, there is currently no evidence that the majority of highly repetitive elements are functional." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

REGULATORY REPEATS. "Many repeats are thought to be derived from truncated TEs, but others consist of tandem arrays of di- and trinucleotides. As with TEs, some highly repetitive sequences play a role in gene regulation." (TE = transposable elements). https://lnkd.in/eT5V5Xc View in LinkedIn

Could another person's feces help you lose weight? View in LinkedIn

REPETITIVE DNA. "Another large fraction of the genome consists of highly repetitive DNA. These regions are extremely variable even amongst individuals of the same population (hence their use as “DNA fingerprints”) and can expand or contract through processes such as unequal crossing over or replication slippage." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

TOWARDS MUTUALISM. "In recognition of the more complex interactions between transposable elements and their hosts, Kidwell and Lisch proposed an expansion of the “parasitism” framework where each TE can be classified along a spectrum from parasitism to mutualism." (TE = transposable elements). http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

THE ROOT OF THE CASE FOR JUNK DNA. "There are unambiguous examples of nonprotein-coding sequences of various types having been co-opted for organism-level functions in gene regulation, chromosome structure, and other roles, but at present evidence from the published literature suggests that these represent a small minority of the human genome." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

PSEUDOGENES ARISE BY (2): "retrotransposition - reverse transcription of an mRNA transcript with subsequent re-integration of the cDNA into the genome. Such copies of genes are termed processed pseudogenes. These pseudogenes can also accumulate random disablements over the course of evolution." http://pseudogene.org/background.php View in LinkedIn