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THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "In sexual populations isogamy has repeatedly evolved to anisogamy, with differentiated sperm and ova." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "In prokaryotes there is a single cell compartment, whereas in eukaryotes the genetic nucleus and metabolic cytoplasm are separated, and additional organelles have evolved, some recruited symbiotically." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "In the RNA world, RNA served as both genetic material and catalyst: today, DNA is the genetic material, and most enzymes are proteins." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "The evolution of many specific enzymes from a set of multifunctional, low-efficiency enzymes. If the first protocells were equipped with a few multifunctional enzymes, more efficient enzymes could evolve only by duplication and divergence." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "In Pleodorina, there is a partial division of labour: some cells start with vegetative functions, but later differentiate into gonidia (asexual propagules)." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "The specific name, Volvox weissmania is a reminder that these algae are an excellent example of the segregation of the germ line and soma. Most members of the order possess only a single cell type, which fulfills all vegetative and reproductive functions." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

THE DIVISION OF LABOUR EXAMPLES. "Caste differentiation in the social insects." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

NOT A MODIFICATION. "The longitudinal arch is absolutely not a modification of the previous supinated posture of the arboreal foot, for had that posture been retained the outer border of the foot would have become hypertrophied as the weight-bearing portion, and the inner border would have become atrophied because it had been held in an unusable position." https://lnkd.in/eXEMMAm View in LinkedIn

RNA WORLD. "Earliest life used RNA as a replicator, as a means of encoding amino acid sequences, and as a catalytic molecule. Reliance on RNA for all three functions came at the cost of high mutation rate and difficulty in segregating these functions within cells." https://lnkd.in/eKjEK6c View in LinkedIn

STRUCTURE INFORMS EVOLUTION. "The human foot is a specialized organ for leverage in bi-pedal locomotion. Its characteristic longitudinal arch conforms in its external contour and in its trabecular architecture to the direction of the movements of force in such leverage action, thereby demonstrating the process by which its form was evolved." http://jbjs.org/content/6/1/56.abstract View in LinkedIn