Month: September 2022

VARIABLE SOLUTES. “Rainwater has a complex chemical composition that varies from place to place, as well as from shower to shower and season to season in the same place. Rainwater contains some constituents of local origin, and some that have been transported by winds from elsewhere.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

DRIVERS OF FLUX. “Rainwater is a mixed electrolyte that contains varying amounts of major and minor ions. Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate, and sulfate ions are major constituents, together with ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, nitrogen, and other nitrogenous compounds.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

SODIUM CHLORIDE. “The major cations and anions of rainwater come from several sources. Salts are picked up by winds blowing across large stretches of open ocean.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

IONIC GRADIENTS. “In rain deposited farther inland, the ratios Cl"1:Na+1, K+1:Na+1, and SO4"2:CH, expressed as parts per million, differ from those in sea water. A decrease in chloride content of rainwater with distance from the coast has been observed in many countries.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

SEASONALITY. “The chloride content of rainwater shows a marked seasonal trend; and, as mentioned above, inland rain generally contains less chloride than coastal rain.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

RELATIVE AMOUNTS. “Calcium, magnesium, and potassium ions in rainwater come both from oceanic salts and from land surfaces. Both calcium and magnesium increase with respect to sodium and chloride over land areas, and calcium increases more than magnesium.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

“SULFATE ions in rainwater come from several sources. In industrial areas the principal source is the combustion of fuels containing sulfur. In other areas sulfate comes from shallow-water marine environments.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

NOBEL LAUREATE. “As a child I was always interested in building things. Instead of buying candy, I would purchase nails which I used to construct things out of scrap wood. My mother always claimed that my spending my money on nails instead of on candy was why I was so skinny as a kid.” (Robert H. Grubbs). https://lnkd.in/e9-viyDe View in LinkedIn

ORGANICS. “Nitrogenous compounds are always present in the atmosphere and are carried down in rainwater.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

SEASONAL SOLUTIONS. “The mean pH of the entire network shows a distinct annual cycle, the acidity being greatest in winter and the alkalinity greatest in late spring. These facts are of considerable geochemical significance because the pH values characterize the reaction of the water that is leaching rocks and soils in Scandinavia.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn