Month: September 2022

JASMONATE (JA) SUPPRESSION. "Necrotrophic pathogens, such as B. cinerea, have evolved strategies to overcome the host defence system by negotiating the SA–JA cross-talk." https://lnkd.in/edPEBi9 View in LinkedIn

JASMONATE (JA) SUPPRESSION. "Upon infection of tomato, they release β-(1,3)-(1,6) glucan, an exopolysaccharide, that activates the SA–NPR1 pathway, but simultaneously suppresses the JA pathway required for acquiring the host resistance." https://lnkd.in/edPEBi9 View in LinkedIn

AMPLIFICATION. "Induction of some defense genes requires the generation of secondary endogenous signal molecules (stress hormones) by the challenged cells in the infection site. The secondary signal molecules in turn set in motion signal transduction cascades in receiving cells, eventually leading to activation of pathogen-responsive genes." https://lnkd.in/erjTj6Y View in LinkedIn

AMPLIFICATION. "Secondary signal molecules thus serve to amplify and spread the response of the host after initial recognition of the pathogen." https://lnkd.in/erjTj6Y View in LinkedIn

INTERNAL FIRE ALARM. "In the case of internal wound signals within a plant, information is most likely carried by signaling molecules transported through phloem and xylem from the site of localized attack to systemic undamaged regions." https://lnkd.in/eabgX9e View in LinkedIn

INTERNAL FIRE ALARM. "Systemic regions can be either primed or induced to express defense responses depending apparently on the cost of the defense and the intensity of the signal." https://lnkd.in/eabgX9e View in LinkedIn

COMMUNITY FIRE ALARM. "Leaves normally release small quantities of volatile chemicals, but when a plant is damaged by herbivorous insects, many more volatiles are released. They may also induce defense responses in neighboring plants" which may be of other species also. https://lnkd.in/etUrY6F View in LinkedIn

WARNING SIGNALS. "The emission of volatile compounds is detected when foliage is browsed by animals. Threatened plants are then able to take defensive chemical measures, such as moving tannin compounds to their foliage." https://lnkd.in/eq7X3tN View in LinkedIn

INTERSPECIFIC COMMUNICATION. "Volatile phytochemicals can serve as airborne semiochemicals, promoting or deterring interactions between plants and insect herbivores. For example, wheat seedlings without herbivore damage attract aphids, whereas odors released from wheat seedlings with a high density of aphids repel other aphids." https://lnkd.in/etUrY6F View in LinkedIn

DEFENSE PRIMING. "Although induced defenses allow plants to avoid the costs of implementing defenses in the absence of enemies, plants may suffer considerable damage during the time required to mount defenses once attack occurs." https://lnkd.in/eabgX9e View in LinkedIn