Month: September 2022

HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER. "The fixation of genes horizontally transferred is not a rampant phenomenon between organisms with substantial phylogenetic separations...>50% of Archaea have one or more protein domains acquired by HGT, and nearly 30–50% of Bacteria did the same when examined at three taxonomic ranges. But, the equivalent value for Eukarya is

POLARITY OF GENE TRANSFER. "Horizontal gene transfer commonly occurs from cells to viruses but rarely occurs from viruses to their host cells, with the exception of retroviruses and some DNA viruses." https://lnkd.in/eCybf-m View in LinkedIn

VIRUSES AND EUKARYOTES. "Our findings imply that horizontal transfer of double-stranded RNA viral genes is widespread among eukaryotes and may give rise to functionally important new genes, thus entailing that RNA viruses may play significant roles in the evolution of eukaryotes." https://lnkd.in/eCybf-m View in LinkedIn

ENTIRE PATHWAY TRANSFERAL."Horizontal gene transfer of an entire metabolic pathway between a eukaryotic alga and its DNA virus. The virus-to-host direction suggests the existence of ancient viruses that controlled the complex metabolic pathway in order to infect primitive eukaryotic cells." http://jvi.asm.org/content/84/22/11876.short View in LinkedIn

SERIAL GENE ACQUISITION. "The host-to-virus direction suggests that the serial acquisition of genes involved in the same metabolic pathway might have been a strategy for the ancestor of EhVs to stay ahead of their closest relatives in the great evolutionary race for survival." http://jvi.asm.org/content/84/22/11876.short View in LinkedIn

WIDESPREAD HGT. "We demonstrate that the widespread capability of marine bacteria to participate in horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in coastal and oceanic environments may be the result of gene transfer agents (GTAs), viral-like particles produced by α-Proteobacteria." https://lnkd.in/ebVH843 View in LinkedIn

GENE TRANSFER AGENTS. "We documented GTA-mediated gene transfer frequencies a thousand to a hundred million times higher than prior estimates of HGT in the oceans, with as high as 47% of the culturable natural microbial community confirmed as gene recipients. These findings suggest a plausible mechanism by which marine bacteria acquire novel traits, thus ensuring resilience in the face of environmental change." https://lnkd.in/ebVH843 View in LinkedIn

ANOTHER METHOD. "In addition to vertical transmission, organisms can also acquire genes from other distantly related species or from their extra-chromosomal elements (plasmids and viruses) via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). It has been suggested that phages represent substantial forces in prokaryotic evolution." https://lnkd.in/ehxdJfF View in LinkedIn

FUNCTIONAL VIRAL GENES. "Our study provided comprehensive and convincing evidence that the genes of small circular ssDNA viruses have been transferred into a broad range of eukaryotic genomes, and some of the transferred genes were also conserved and functional in host genomes. This discovery extends the host range of circular ssDNA viruses and offers insight into the origin and evolution of relevant viruses." http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/11/276/ View in LinkedIn

ENORMOUS EXTENT. "One of the most surprising findings of whole-genome sequencing is the enormous extent of LGT, indicating that gene swapping among organisms is not a laboratory oddity but a constitutive factor in diversification. On average, 2.6 prophages have been detected per free-living bacterial species, and a number of bacterial genomes contain between 3% and 10% prophage DNA." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00539.x/full View in LinkedIn