Year: 2022

COMMON BARRIER. "Often the rejected pollen was contributed by a related plant sharing the allele or by the plant itself; therefore, negative effects of inbreeding can be avoided. This recognition method is highly represented in angiosperms with estimates of up to 50% of the flowering plants." https://lnkd.in/d_tsqB7 View in LinkedIn

CHEMICAL SIGNALS BETWEEN PLANTS. "General chemical communication between plants has been well established, especially with regard to the negative communication between plants of two different species. Recent studies have shown that plants, too, have the ability to recognize other plants in their surroundings based on relatedness and identity." https://lnkd.in/d_tsqB7 View in LinkedIn

DEADLY DODDER PLANT. "In addition, Cuscuta pentagona has the ability to recognize volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the host tomato and, as a result, directs its growth accordingly in order to locate the host plants." https://lnkd.in/d_tsqB7 View in LinkedIn

VOLATILE ALARM SIGNALS. "Some plant species participate in more positive interaction with nearby plants, such as in warning other members of their population during a time of stress. Maize (Zea mays) has been shown to emit (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (Z-3-ol) in response to leaf damage which may help to prime surrounding plants in order to prevent a herbivore attack." https://lnkd.in/d_tsqB7 View in LinkedIn

KIN VOLATILES. "A growing number of plants have been found to respond to volatile cues released when neighbours are damaged by herbivores to prime or increase their defences to future risk of attack. Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) responded most effectively when volatile cues were emitted by genetically identical clones compared with strangers, suggesting the ability to distinguish self from non-self and to respond more strongly to ‘self’ signals." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1756/20123062.short View in LinkedIn

FAMILY WHISPERING. "Populations of sagebrush are genetically structured so that an individual is likely to be surrounded by other individuals that are close relatives. Here, we have demonstrated that plants communicate more effectively with kin and that this communication increases plant resistance to herbivores. Plants responded more effectively to the cues emitted by kin rather than strangers." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1756/20123062.short View in LinkedIn

"VOLATILE CUES from close kin may be more easily perceived by kin or may provide more reliable information about probable risk. The ability to differentially communicate based on relatedness makes possible a wide variety of social behaviours for plants that have previously been thought to be solely within the repertoire of animals." http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1756/20123062.short View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this first weekend Fragment from Nature exploring how plants recognize kin versus non-kin. As we become increasingly urbanized and disconnected from nature, our views of the natural world become increasingly distanced, and plants assume the identity of plastic cut-outs, bearing little or no sense of being. On the contrary, increasingly science is illustrating the intensely related and feeling nature of plants. The salad breathes. View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENTERS. "Other organisms using fragmentation include annelid worms, filamentous cyanobacteria and some multicellular metazoans, including mitochondrial eukaryotes." https://www.reference.com/science/organisms-can-reproduce-fragmentation-1ef1450618cbf65b View in LinkedIn

REGENERATIVE FRAGMENTATION. "Starfish also use regeneration of injured, torn appendages by fragmentation." https://www.reference.com/science/organisms-can-reproduce-fragmentation-1ef1450618cbf65b View in LinkedIn