Year: 2022

NON-BANDED ROCKS. “By contrast, rocks that were subjected to uniform pressure from all sides, or those that lack minerals with distinctive growth habits, will not be foliated. Non-foliated rocks do not have planar patterns of stress.” https://lnkd.in/eSpeQsqS View in LinkedIn

EXAMPLES. “On this basis, metamorphic rocks can be categorized as foliated or non-foliated. For example, slate is a foliated metamorphic rock, originating from shale. Slate is very fine-grained, phyllite is coarse, schist is coarser, and gneiss is very coarse-grained. Marble is generally not foliated, allowing it to be used for sculpture and architecture.” https://lnkd.in/eSpeQsqS View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this second weekend featuring the transformations of rocks by aqueous geologic processes, making classifying rocks frustrating and not easy. The reason is that they are an almost infinite variety of gradients and types of mixtures, mostly from the effects of large scale aqueous chemistry, and high temperatures and pressures. Add tectonics that thrust Everest from the seabed, and you see how dynamic and transitory the landscape is. View in LinkedIn

METATHESIS. “When chemical reactions occur between species in an aqueous solution, the reactions are usually double displacement (also called metathesis or double replacement) reactions. In this type of reaction, the cation from one reactant takes the place for the cation in the other reactant, typically forming an ionic bond. Another way to think of it is that the reactant ions "switch partners".” https://lnkd.in/ei8-eG5H View in LinkedIn

A wonderful series of unrealated afterthoughts written in a wall in Girona. View in LinkedIn

THE SEED. “In 1887, the German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (22 February 1857–1 January 1894) (Figure 1) found that electrodes irradiated with ultraviolet light created electric sparks more easily.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

QUANTA CONCEPT. “In 1900, while studying black-body radiation, the German physicist Max Planck (23 April 1858–4 October 1947, Nobel Prize in Physics 1918) (Figure 2) suggested that the energy carried by electromagnetic waves could only be released in “packets” of energy.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

LIGHT + MATTER. “In 1905, Albert Einstein (14 March 1879–18 April 1955, Nobel Prize in Physics 1921) published a paper advancing the hypothesis that light energy is carried in discrete quantized packets (photons), each with energy hν to explain experimental data from the photoelectric effect.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

QUANTIZED LIGHT. “This explained Max Planck's previous discovery of the Planck relation (E = hν) linking energy (E) and frequency (ν) as arising from quantization of energy. The factor h is known as the Planck constant. This model contributed to the progress of quantum mechanics.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

EXPERIMENTAL PROOF. “1914, Robert Millikan's experiment supported Einstein's model of the photoelectric effect. Robert Millikan (22 March 1868–19 December 1953, American experimental physicist) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923 for “his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn