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"NATURAL DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS are adaptive, scalable and fault-tolerant. Emergence science describes how higher-level self-regulatory behaviour arises in natural systems from many participants following simple rule-sets. Emergence advocates simple communication models, autonomy and independence, enhancing robustness and self-stabilization." https://lnkd.in/dfVXcaw View in LinkedIn

CORAL SYMBIONTS. "The algal symbiont, Symbiodinium, provides up to 60% of the nutrients needed by its host coral (the term “host” is used here in the classical sense to denote the larger, eukaryotic, multicellular organism in which the “symbiont” resides). When this symbiosis is broken by a prolonged increase in sea-surface temperatures, corals “bleach.” They lose their algal symbionts and die." View in LinkedIn

EXPONENTIAL RULE. "One reason why emergent behaviour is hard to predict is that the number of interactions between components of a system increases exponentially with the number of components, thus potentially allowing for many new and subtle types of behaviour to emerge." https://lnkd.in/dN5A7Kw View in LinkedIn

ANATOMIC MOSAICISM. "Anatomically, the individual animal is regarded as a structured whole. Yet, data from PCR show that the cells and bodies of animals are shared with numerous “species” of bacteria and other microbes. In some sponges, nearly 40% of the volume of the organism is comprised of bacteria, which contribute significantly to host metabolism." View in LinkedIn

EMERGENCE, SYNERGY AND EVOLUTION. "In evolutionary processes, causation is iterative; effects are also causes. And this is equally true of the synergistic effects produced by emergent systems. In other words, emergence itself... has been the underlying cause of the evolution of emergent phenomena in biological evolution; it is the synergies produced by organized systems that are the key." https://lnkd.in/dAmwzUd View in LinkedIn

CONSEQUENCES. "What would biological science be if symbiosis were seen as the rule, not the exception? What scientific questions would become paramount and how might this change our view of life if intimate cooperation between species were a fundamental feature of evolution? What could “individual selection” mean if all organisms were chimeric, and there were no real monogenetic individuals?" View in LinkedIn

ELEGANT DEFINITION. "Emergence is the phenomenon wherein complex, interesting high-level function is produced as a result of combining simple low-level mechanisms in simple ways." https://lnkd.in/dmJdbxk http://consc.net/notes/emergence.html View in LinkedIn

"EMERGENCE can be defined as the formation of order from disorder based on self-organisation." https://lnkd.in/duyAimW View in LinkedIn

OCCLUDED VIEW. "Emergence is a process whereby larger entities, patterns, and regularities arise through interactions among smaller or simpler entities that themselves do not exhibit such properties." https://lnkd.in/dc4VwZz https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence View in LinkedIn

EMERGENCE may be the fly in the ointment that results in totally unexpected interactions between informational computer codes, giving us the inability to predict, nor control outcomes. The dramatic increase in computer code complexity in the short time it has been on the planet shows no sign of abating. Complex autonomous agents are the engine of emergent phenomena. View in LinkedIn