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WAYS TO GO. “Taken together, these findings imply that an unknown but substantial fraction of lincRNAs are functional molecules rather than transcriptional noise and have evolutionary properties similar to those of protein-coding genes. However, the number of functionally characterized lincRNAs remains scarce.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTION RATE. “In particular, protein-coding genes that are highly expressed in many tissues typically evolve slower than genes with lower expression level and breadth, and a similar dependence has been observed for lincRNA genes.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

CODING ORIGINS. “Taking into account that some lincRNA genes originated from protein-coding genes it appears likely that many properties of lincRNAs would generally resemble those of protein-coding genes, despite the typically lower level of constraint.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

VIRAL ENRICHMENT. “Here, we add another facet to these observations by showing that the promoter regions of lincRNAs are specifically enriched for ancient TES. This finding indicates that not only have many lincRNA genes evolved before the radiation of primates and rodents but also that at least some features of their regulation were already established at that time through TE insertion.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA; TE = transposable element). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

CHANGING VIEW. “Many early studies, therefore, branded the lincRNAs “transcriptional dark matter” and considered them to be generally non-functional. However, low level or lack of detectable conservation does not necessarily imply that these molecules have no function.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTIONARY CONTRIBUTION. “Thus, it has been suggested that TES divide lincRNAs into classes and have contributed to lincRNA evolution and function by conferring tissue-specific expression from extant transcriptional regulatory signals.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

NOT CONSERVED. “It is well established that, compared to protein-coding sequences and structural RNAs, lincRNAs are weakly conserved in evolution.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTIONARY CONTRIBUTION. “Thus, it has been suggested that TES divide lincRNAs into classes and have contributed to lincRNA evolution and function by conferring tissue-specific expression from extant transcriptional regulatory signals.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS. “Nevertheless, the functional range of this class of ncRNA is believed to be broad on the basis of indirect evidence. It has been proposed that lincRNAs could be involved in the regulation of many cellular processes.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA; ncRNA = non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

MAJOR PLAYERS. “These results are compatible with the view that TEs are major contributors to the origin and evolution of lincRNAs.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn