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NOT CONSERVED. “It is well established that, compared to protein-coding sequences and structural RNAs, lincRNAs are weakly conserved in evolution.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTIONARY CONTRIBUTION. “Thus, it has been suggested that TES divide lincRNAs into classes and have contributed to lincRNA evolution and function by conferring tissue-specific expression from extant transcriptional regulatory signals.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS. “Nevertheless, the functional range of this class of ncRNA is believed to be broad on the basis of indirect evidence. It has been proposed that lincRNAs could be involved in the regulation of many cellular processes.” (lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA; ncRNA = non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

MAJOR PLAYERS. “These results are compatible with the view that TEs are major contributors to the origin and evolution of lincRNAs.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

UNCHARACTERIZED. “The current knowledge on the functions of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) is scarce because very few of the lincRNAs have been experimentally characterized.” https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

EXON AND PROMOTOR CONCENTRATION. “The content of TES in lincRNA genes is substantially greater than in protein-coding genes, particularly in exons and promoter regions.” (TES = TE-derived sequences; lincRNA = long intergenic non-coding RNA). https://lnkd.in/dwuaM5f View in LinkedIn

"VIRUSES are transmissible deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) genetic elements that require a cell for multiplication. Viruses are extremely diverse and ubiquitous in nature. They evolve in continuous interaction with their host cells and organisms, following the general Darwinian principles: genetic variation, competition among variant forms and selection of the most fit variants in a given environment. Viruses probably had an ancient origin and have survived as agents of gene transfer and promoters of cell variation." https://lnkd.in/dStPB6v View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE contemplates the phenomenal rates of infectious viral evolution. The combination of extraordinary mutation rates and lightening quick reproduction rates, viruses can outrun their host defenses quickly. Studies of influenza and AIDS suggest that early infections can be boom-and-bust, but as the epidemic progresses, it naturally slows due to limited host availability and selective pressures. Meet some of the most successful creatures on planet earth. View in LinkedIn

GENE FOUNTAIN. “We identified thousands of potentially functional putative genes that arose rapidly and evolved from non-autonomous MULE sequences in Oryza.” (MULEs = Mutator-like transposable elements; Oryza = a type of crop plant). http://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-016-0954-8 View in LinkedIn

REMARKABLE ROLE. “Due to the high abundance of MULEs and their remarkable functional roles in genome evolution, it is imperative to elucidate the origination, evolutionary processes, and regulatory mechanisms of MULE-derived genes in plant genomes.” (MULEs = Mutator-like transposable elements). http://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-016-0954-8 View in LinkedIn