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DISRUPTIVE GENES. "A gene can take control of sex development, and can sometimes replace an established system." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

Interstellar object confirmed to be from another solar system https://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2017/nov/20/interstellar-object-confirmed-to-be-from-another-solar-system?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other View in LinkedIn

MUTATION INVASION. "Such trade-offs are central to models explaining the maintenance of hermaphroditism against invasion by mutations that lead to separate sexed individuals." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

RESOURCE COMPETITION. "If the male-promoting mutations also reduce female fertility, they are also female-sterility mutations. Such ‘trade-offs’ between male and female functions may often arise, for example if an allele increasing resources devoted to male functions reduces those available for female functions; thus alleles of some genes cannot simultaneously be best in both sexes." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

SUPPRESSED RECOMBINATION. "It is easily seen that suppressed recombination between X and Y chromosomes must have evolved to prevent the sex-determining genes recombining, and the two-mutation model for evolution of dioecy provides a reason why such recombination is disadvantageous." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

STABLE DIOECY. "Overall, therefore, a co-sexual population can, under suitable conditions, evolve dioecy; when dioecy is reached, the females will carry the initial male-sterility mutation, while the males carry one or more male-promoting mutations." https://lnkd.in/exrSaeb View in LinkedIn

RNA TO DNA. “Also quite provocative is the idea that RNA viruses might be at the origin of DNA biochemistry. According to this scenario, RNA-based viruses infecting RNA-based cells would have acquired an RNA-to-DNA modification system to resist cellular RNA-degrading enzymes (the RNA equivalent of present-day bacterial restriction and modification systems).” https://lnkd.in/eyzfrxe View in LinkedIn

INFECTIOUS NUCLEUS. “Of particular interest, such a transfer of an 'infectious' nucleus is well documented in many parasitic red algae. Such back-and-forth eukaryogenesis-viriogenesis could readily explain the multiplicity of present-day virus lineages, together with their diversity in size, complexity and gene complement, as well as the apparent mixture of monophyly and polyphyly (descent from more than one ancestor) exhibited by the viral world.” https://lnkd.in/eyzfrxe View in LinkedIn

NUCLEAR VIROGENESIS. “I personally find the general idea that a nucleus is functionally equivalent to a selfish DNA virus (that is, replicating 'its' DNA using the cellular metabolism) simple and very appealing - and even more so when one realizes that the idea can be turned on its head to envisage the nucleus of a (primitive) eukaryote (re-)turning into a large DNA virus - the notion of nuclear viriogenesis.” https://lnkd.in/eyzfrxe View in LinkedIn

DIVERSE REPRODUCTION. “Viruses are also more diverse when it comes to reproduction. "Cells only have two main ways of replicating their DNA," said Patrick Forterre, a virologist at Paris-Sud University. "One is found in bacteria, the other in Archaea and eukaryotes." Viruses, on the other hand, have many more methods at their disposal.” https://lnkd.in/eXmJ-Tt View in LinkedIn