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RESTRUCTURING GENOME. "Once a WGD has occurred there is swift and extensive restructuring of the genome. The most obvious effect being the changes in chromosome number as well as structure of the chromosomes (through translocations or deletions). The genome restructuring may further enhance changes in phenotype as gene expression and dosage are recalibrated through epigenetic processes." (WGD = whole genome duplication). https://lnkd.in/etn6Uea View in LinkedIn

POLYPLOIDIZATION. "When combining genetically distinct parents that belong to different species or genera, hybrid offspring contain the genetic material of both parents. These hybrid offspring contain twice the number of genes and other genomic structures found in the parent taxa and the two genomes must work together." https://lnkd.in/etn6Uea View in LinkedIn

HYBRIDIZATION. "Polyploidization causes a group of genetic changes that include: changes in gene expression, gene loss, epigenetic release of transposons, and morphological and physical changes. This is because when combining genetically distinct parents that belong to different species or genera, hybrid offspring contain the genetic material of both parents." https://lnkd.in/etn6Uea View in LinkedIn

INFINITE UNIVERSES. “They call it the multiverse. It’s a cosmos in which there are multiple universes. And by multiple, I mean an infinite number. These uncountable realms sit side by side in higher dimensions that our senses are incapable of perceiving directly.” https://www.theguardian.com/science/across-the-universe/2017/may/17/multiverse-have-astronomers-found-evidence-of-parallel-universes View in LinkedIn

MUTANT OFFSPRING. "Over recent years, investigations into the regulatory processes governing meiosis have allowed the identification of meiotic mutants that generate unreduced gametes." http://dev.biologists.org/content/develop/142/2/229.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

THE MULTIVERSE. “The concept is known as a "parallel universe," and is a facet of the astronomical theory of the multiverse. There actually is quite a bit of evidence out there for a multiverse.” https://www.space.com/32728-parallel-universes.html View in LinkedIn

SINGLE INITIATION. "In higher plants, it has been hypothesized that the megaspore mother cell represses the formation of additional megaspore mother cells and thus restricts germline formation to only one cell per ovule." http://dev.biologists.org/content/develop/142/2/229.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

EXTRA DIMENSIONS. “In physics, three dimensions of space and one of time is the accepted norm. However, there are theories that attempt to unify the four fundamental forces by introducing extra dimensions. Most notably, superstring theory requires 10 spacetime dimensions, and originates from a more fundamental 11-dimensional theory tentatively called M-theory which subsumes five previously distinct superstring theories.” https://lnkd.in/eu58Z_W View in LinkedIn

OVULE COMMITMENT. "During sexual reproduction, only one somatic cell per ovule is usually committed to the reproductive fate. However, it is not fully understood what determines the commitment of this somatic cell to initiate germline development and what prevents the formation of additional germline cells in the same ovule." http://dev.biologists.org/content/develop/142/2/229.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

QUANTUM BIOLOGY has recently (finally) attracted biologists to look at the inner inner world. “Can the spooky world of quantum physics explain bird navigation, photosynthesis and even our delicate sense of smell? Clues are mounting that the rules governing the subatomic realm may play an unexpectedly pivotal role in the visible world.” https://lnkd.in/epUUueB View in LinkedIn