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CARTOON PICTURE. "In evolutionary biology studies, meiosis is also often simplified and represented by random assortment of chromosomes and recombination maps expressing the probability of recombination events between ordered loci, with little attention to the molecular and cellular details." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE. "Mechanistic studies of meiosis have been carried out in different fields, such as cell biology, genetics and epigenetics, encompassing a wide range of eukaryotes. However, these studies rarely focus on the evolutionary significance of meiotic mechanisms, rather mentioning them in passing and often in a simplified manner." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

KEY TO MEIOSIS SUCCESS. "This genetic reshuffling reduces genetic associations within and between loci and is thought to be the basis of the success of sexual reproduction." https://lnkd.in/e2tp_G5 View in LinkedIn

HALVING AND REFRESHENING. "Meiosis reduces a cells chromosome number by half, whilst also creating new allele combinations distributed across daughter cells through segregation and recombination." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

THE CORE. “In eukaryotic sexual life cycles, haploid cells fuse to give rise to diploids, before diploid cells are converted back to haploids in a process known as meiosis. Meiosis reduces a cells chromosome number by half, whilst also creating new allele combinations distributed across daughter cells through segregation and recombination.” http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

TWO STEPS. "In eukaryotic sexual life cycles, haploid cells fuse to give rise to diploids, before diploid cells are converted back to haploids in a process known as meiosis." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

OXIDATIVE STRESS HYPOTHESIS. "This scenario presupposes that DNA maintenance is inefficient in the absence of meiosis; however, prokaryotes (including archaea) have efficient repair mechanisms that involve recombination but not meiosis. In addition, this scenario does not fit well with the observation that a large number of DSBs are actively generated at the onset of meiosis." (DSB = double strand breaks). http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

THE TOPIC BREADTH. "We discuss the origin of meiosis (origin of ploidy reduction and recombination, two-step meiosis), its secondary modifications (in polyploids or asexuals, inverted meiosis), its importance in punctuating life cycles (meiotic arrests, epigenetic resetting, meiotic asymmetry, meiotic fairness) and features associated with recombination (disjunction constraints, heterochiasmy, crossover interference and hotspots)." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

NUMBER 2: OXIDATIVE STRESS. "Another hypothesis is that pairing and recombination initially arose as a way to repair mutational damage caused by increased oxidative stress due to rising atmospheric oxygen or endosymbiosis." http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/04/28/050831.full.pdf View in LinkedIn

DIPLOID TO HAPLOID. "Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction. During reproduction, when the sperm and egg unite to form a single cell, the number of chromosomes is restored in the offspring." https://lnkd.in/eTsFK2C View in LinkedIn