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HEART OF EVOLUTION. “Even though chromosomal rearrangements have been associated with diseases and reduced fitness, they are also major drivers of evolution. They contribute to adaptation to novel or changing environments and even to speciation by reproductive isolation.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

STACKED DECK. “Outcrossing mutations would have to overcome both the transmission advantage of selfing and the greater seed production of plants capable of self-fertilization. These are potentially large disadvantages at the gene and individual levels.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.12182/full View in LinkedIn

GENOMIC VARIATION. “Variations are caused by a multitude of mechanisms and range from single nucleotide polymorphisms to large-scale genomic rearrangements. The latter may result in translocation, duplication, and deletion of genetic material, thereby affecting chromosomal size and gene content.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

MORE RESTRICTIVE. “If selfing evolves because of reproductive assurance, the conditions for a reversal are even more restrictive than if selfing evolves principally because of its transmission advantage, assuming that all else is equal.” https://lnkd.in/dj9hK7n View in LinkedIn

DYNAMIC GENOMES. “Genomes are highly dynamic and vary considerably between, and often even within, species with respect to structure and content. This dynamics is caused by mutations that are either neutral, and may thus be transient, or mediate increased fitness and became fixed in the population by natural (Darwinian) selection.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

AMPLIFIED PENALTY BOX. “Although reversals to outcrossing are generally viewed as unlikely because of the concurrent reduction in outcrossing rate and inbreeding depression, it is widely underappreciated that the ecological context may amplify the costs of outcrossing.” https://lnkd.in/dj9hK7n View in LinkedIn

EUKARYOTES WITHOUT SEXUAL CYCLE. “Inspired by recent reports we argue that such organisms can be as persistent as organisms with conventional sexual cycles through the use of other mechanisms, such as genomic rearrangements, to foster adaptation.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

CONSIDERED POORLY ADAPTABLE. “A considerable number of eukaryotic species, including many fungi, do not have an apparent sexual cycle and are consequently thought to be limited in their evolutionary potential. As such organisms are expected to have reduced capability to eliminate deleterious mutations, they are often considered as evolutionary dead ends.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

ADAPTATION. “All species continuously evolve to adapt to changing environments. The genetic variation that fosters such adaptation is caused by a plethora of mechanisms, including meiotic recombination that generates novel allelic combinations in the progeny of two parental lineages.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

DATA BUCKET. “With over five decades in their wake, modern studies of plant mating system evolution have yielded data on selfing and outcrossing rates for approximately 500 species and numerous analyses of the history of mating systems, employing a variety of formal models and theoretical and empirical arguments.” http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.12182/full View in LinkedIn