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TWO CANDIDATE MECHANISMS. “Although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, candidate mechanisms can be assigned, as genome integrity depends on the repair of double strand DNA breaks and mitotic and meiotic recombination, complex processes that are highly linked.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

NEW VIEWPOINT. “We postulate that genomic rearrangements are a driver of adaptation in organisms that are not engaged in conventional sex.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

HUGE IMPACT. "Since persistence is always regulated, it is a mostly silent state in which reactivation is tightly linked to host (reproductive) biology with big consequences to host and virus fitness." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apm.12485/full View in LinkedIn

ASSUMPTION BUSTING. “With these alternative modes of reproduction in mind, one can wonder whether genuinely asexual, and truly clonal, fungal species really exist.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

HYBRID BEINGS. "Establishing persistence is difficult and can be thought of as resulting from a successful hacking of host identity networks to insert new code and promote survival of a new more complex virus–host identity." Read and re-read carefully. https://lnkd.in/etdQ9rN View in LinkedIn

ANCIENT LINKAGE. “Unisexual reproduction frequently generates aneuploidy, which can be linked to phenotypic changes and drives adaptation. Interestingly, it has recently been hypothesized that unisexual reproduction may even be the original ancestral form of sexual reproduction to which sexes have evolved later.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

CHRONIC, SILENT AND STABLE. "Nor does it adhere to the red-queen hypothesis. Persistent virus is usually highly prevalent, silent, often genetically stable, co-evolving with the host and usually transmitted from parent (old) to offspring (young) or in close coordination to host reproductive biology." https://lnkd.in/etdQ9rN View in LinkedIn

FUNGAL RECOMBINATION. “Intriguingly, some of the meiosis-specific genes appear to be important for parasexuality, which has been extensively studied under laboratory conditions in C. albicans and can lead to extensive recombination of homologous chromosomes and supernumerary chromosomes.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn

PERSISTENT VIRUSES. "Viral persistence is a big determinant of host survival with strong effects on host group survival as well (via virus communication). It defines a relationship between virus and host and between host themselves that does not adhere to the predator–prey theory." https://lnkd.in/etdQ9rN View in LinkedIn

STRANGE FUNGAL EXAMPLE. “Candida albicans was considered as an obligate diploid that reproduced strictly asexual, but was later found to undergo parasexual reproduction as well as unisexual reproduction. Parasexuality involves the fusion of two hyphae that form a genetically unstable polyploidy nucleus that quickly returns to the initial state by concerted chromosomal loss.” https://lnkd.in/eC8eb-V View in LinkedIn