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INBREEDING DETERRENTS. "Pollination by deception, however, can reduce self-pollination and encourage pollen flow over longer distances, thus promoting outbreeding. Although some food deceptive orchids are isolated through postzygotic reproductive barriers, sexually deceptive orchids lack post-mating barriers and species isolation is achieved via specific pollinator attraction." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-005-0636-y View in LinkedIn

SENSORY FRINGE EXPLOITATION. "In general, mimicry may be facilitated by exploiting visual vulnerabilities and evolve more readily at the peripheries of sensory perception. Many sexually deceptive orchids are predominantly red, green or white: colours that are all potentially difficult for hymenoptera to detect or distinguish from the background." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-009-0611-0 View in LinkedIn

WAVELENGTH MIMICRY. "The orchids and wasps reflected predominantly red-orange wavelengths, but UV was also reflected by raised bumps on two orchid species and by female wasp wings. The orchids’ bright yellow pollinia contrasted significantly with their overall red colour. Orchid deception may therefore involve accurate and species-specific mimicry of wavelengths reflected by female wasps, and potentially, exploitation of insects’ innate attraction to UV and yellow wavelengths." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-009-0611-0 View in LinkedIn

CALORY RESTRICTION. “Studies dating back a century have reported the healthspan and lifespan benefits of diets restricted in caloric content yet sufficient in macro- and micro-nutrients. These diets of “undernutrition without malnutrition” have been documented to have the ability to slow the progression of aging in multiple organ systems and in multiple species.” https://lnkd.in/efX_jTG View in LinkedIn

COLOR MIMICRY. "Over long distances, sexually deceptive orchids lure pollinators with counterfeit insect sex pheromones, but close-range deception with colour mimicry is a tantalising possibility. Despite appearing different to humans, the colours of the orchids and female wasps were effectively identical when mapped into a hymenopteran hexagonal colour space." http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-009-0611-0 View in LinkedIn

CAUSE OF AGING. “It is possible that the etiology of all age-associated diseases is in the molecular state that exists in old cells or cells near the end of their lineage. I’ve been vocal about this for 40 years. And as a consequence of that you don’t make too many friends. But I am more interested in the truth than making friends.” (Hayflick). https://lnkd.in/dQMB4k7 View in LinkedIn

HOW AND WHY WE AGE, Leonard Hayflick, forever the contrarian. "Hearts do not naturally get weaker with age; Regular exercise and a low-fat diet won't slow aging; Curing cancer would only add two years to the average sixty-five-year-old American life. Curing heart disease, however would add fourteen years; Only five percent of people over the age of sixty-five are in nursing homes; No human has lived--or probably can live--past 120 years." https://lnkd.in/eKPhKvH View in LinkedIn

PREDICTION. “It is possible that the etiology of all age-associated diseases is in the molecular state that exists in old cells.” (Hayflick). http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/genetic/hayflick-limit.htm View in LinkedIn

HAYFLICK "Developed the first normal human diploid fibroblast cell strains such as WI-38 and the technology for producing vaccines against polio and other human viral diseases" affecting over 2 million people. https://lnkd.in/dQMB4k7 View in LinkedIn

HOUSEHOLD NAME. “Leonard Hayflick (born 20 May 1928 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), Ph.D., is an American anatomist. He is the Professor of Anatomy at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, and was Professor of Medical Microbiology at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is a past president of the Gerontological Society of America and was a founding member of the council of the National Institute on Aging (NIA).” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Hayflick View in LinkedIn