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VIRAL OVERLAPS. "Computer viruses metabolise memory and CPU time to produce changes in that memory space, whilst terrestrial viruses utilise energy and substrates from their host in synthetic activities. Both respond to changes in their environment. Both kinds display living characteristics as a property of a whole - segmentation almost always leads to total dysfunction." https://lnkd.in/g5hUBjg View in LinkedIn

TWO VIRAL WORLDS. "Computer code may be copied, shifted and deleted, not being tied to a specific location in memory. Terrestrial viruses direct the assembly of proteins and DNA into viral "patterns". Both types hijack the metabolism of their host and direct it towards the purpose of viral replication. Both have an internal self-representation, in an electronic binary pattern and DNA respectively." https://lnkd.in/g5hUBjg View in LinkedIn

CODE AS INFORMATION PATTERNS. "It is clear that computer and terrestrial viruses can be considered to exist as patterns in computer code and in molecules respectively." https://lnkd.in/g5hUBjg View in LinkedIn

COMPUTER VIRUSES. "At least a partially automated capability to reproduce. A method of transfer which is dependent on its ability to attach itself to other computer entities (programs, disk sectors, data files, etc.) that move between these systems." https://lnkd.in/g_F4kRV View in LinkedIn

ACTIVE REPLICANTS. "Viruses certainly do exhibit a form of growth, in the sense that there are more of them in a given environment over time. Some transient viruses will infect every file on a system after only a few activations. The spread of viruses through commercial software and public bulletin boards is another indication of their wide-spread replication." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

"REDUNDANCY BASED MUTATION protection shows a great resemblance with the redundancy based mutation protection of digital codes and seems of major importance for the mutational robustness of nucleotide codes." http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEVOLJ/TOEVOLJ-5-1.pdf View in LinkedIn

VARIANT PROGENY. "Interestingly, there is also one case where two different strains of a Macintosh virus are known to interact to form infections unlike the “parents,” although these interactions usually produce “sterile” offspring that are unable to reproduce further. This likewise does not appear to be evolution as we know it." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

NUCLEOTIDE CODES. "Every human cell loses daily about 5000 adenine or guanine bases by depurination and about 100 cytosine bases by deamination. Fortunately, the nucleotide code is continuously checked for mutations using the redundancy of information present in pairs of nucleotide strings, pairs of chromatides, and pairs of chromosomes, and repaired by a large repertoire of DNA repair enzymes." http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEVOLJ/TOEVOLJ-5-1.pdf View in LinkedIn

FEIGNED EVOLUTION. "Polymorphic viruses alter their copies to avoid detection, but the pattern of alteration is ultimately a human product. These changes do not constitute evolution, however." https://lnkd.in/eCG7b3z View in LinkedIn

DIGITAL CODES. "If one of the seven information bits changes, for instance, by radiation, heat, or mechanical influences, they no longer correspond with the parity bit value; this is detected, an error message is generated, and the program stops, is aborted, or a switch is made towards a back-up." http://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEVOLJ/TOEVOLJ-5-1.pdf View in LinkedIn