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THE CONCEPT. “Swarm intelligence is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on artificial intelligence. The expression was introduced by Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang in 1989, in the context of cellular robotic systems.” https://lnkd.in/dhyYdJj View in LinkedIn

DUAL USE TECHNOLOGY. “The digital world we now inhabit creates unprecedented opportunities – both for good and for ill. One of these possibilities is swarm-based tools that can be used to either attack or defend the network.” https://lnkd.in/dCRvRzp View in LinkedIn

ALERT. “Swarm technology may be a game changer for the bad guys if organizations don’t change their tactics.” https://lnkd.in/dCRvRzp View in LinkedIn

EVOLVING MALWARE. "Soon we will begin to see malware completely created by machines based on automated vulnerability detection and complex data analysis...Polymorphic malware is not new, but it is about to take on a new face by leveraging artificial intelligence to create sophisticated new code that can learn to evade detection through machine written routines." https://lnkd.in/de5H3Um View in LinkedIn

AVOIDING IMMUNE SURVEILLANCE. “In addition, Manky predicts that we'll also see the rise of what he calls next-generation morphic malware, whereby the code of malicious software is automatically altered slightly to evade detection from anti-virus but the same functionality is kept (or some new functionality is gained).” https://lnkd.in/de5H3Um View in LinkedIn

REVERSED ASYMMETRY. "The flatfishes are the most extreme example of behavioral and morphological lateralization in the vertebrates. Flatfish species are described as either `sinistral' (both eyes are on the left side of the adult head) or `dextral' (both eyes on the right side). Within a species some fish may have `reversed' asymmetry and appear as morphological and behavioral mirror images of their siblings." https://lnkd.in/dxtUYFT View in LinkedIn

GENE REGULATION. "Thyroid hormone regulates a wide range of genes after its activation from the prohormone, thyroxine (T4), to the active form, triiodothyronine (T3). The signaling pathway is complex and highly regulated due to the expression of cell and tissue-specific thyroid hormone transporters, multiple thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoforms, and interactions with corepressors and coactivators." https://lnkd.in/dcWUepm View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE continues from last weekend and concludes this weekend on the theme of flatfish asymmetry. Last weekend’s focus was morphological, while this weekend is focused more on the physiology and genetics of these creatures. Nature can be heartlessly indifferent. The fate of these poor souls is to be born, then to be wrenched sideways so that every organ and every cell is restructured as a newly fledged juvenile. It seems such a gratuitous afterthought to do this after it leaves the heroic maneuvers of the egg in development, a double dose of massive cell migration and destruction. View in LinkedIn

ACTING AS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. "The endocrine system and in particular the thyroid hormones (THs), thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), play a central role in vertebrate metamorphosis acting as transcription factors (TFs) when they bind to their receptors." https://lnkd.in/du68ipH View in LinkedIn

“COMPLEXITY has been defined by Kennedy et al. as: “The interaction of many parts of a system, giving rise to behaviours and/or properties that are not found in the individual elements of the system”. Or as Wolfram put it: “It is possible to make things of great complexity out of things that are very simple. There is no conservation of simplicity”. https://lnkd.in/dRvnSMk View in LinkedIn