linkedin post 2019-06-08 04:41:48

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FLIP-FLOPPER. "We examined the case of Platichthys flesus (flounder), a polymorphic flatfish exhibiting large and clinal variation in the frequency of the left-sided morph, which is the reversed condition in this generally right-sided species. Morphological differences were observed between morphs, which are in agreement with previous findings in a congeneric species (Platichthys stellatus)." https://lnkd.in/d6Bcfrh View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-08 04:39:34

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"SIDEDNESS POLYMORPHISM in flatfish has been linked to ecological selection between morphs. However, the alternate hypothesis that morphological differences between right- and left-sided forms may be due to errors during development, as a consequence of disturbed homeostasis, which still remains largely unexplored." https://lnkd.in/d6Bcfrh View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-08 04:35:47

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REVERSED ASYMMETRY. "The flatfishes are the most extreme example of behavioral and morphological lateralization in the vertebrates. Flatfish species are described as either `sinistral' (both eyes are on the left side of the adult head) or `dextral' (both eyes on the right side). Within a species some fish may have `reversed' asymmetry and appear as morphological and behavioral mirror images of their siblings." https://lnkd.in/dxtUYFT View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-09 03:41:46

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GENE REGULATION. "Thyroid hormone regulates a wide range of genes after its activation from the prohormone, thyroxine (T4), to the active form, triiodothyronine (T3). The signaling pathway is complex and highly regulated due to the expression of cell and tissue-specific thyroid hormone transporters, multiple thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoforms, and interactions with corepressors and coactivators." https://lnkd.in/dcWUepm View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-08 04:31:51

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FRAGMENT FROM NATURE continues from last weekend and concludes this weekend on the theme of flatfish asymmetry. Last weekend’s focus was morphological, while this weekend is focused more on the physiology and genetics of these creatures. Nature can be heartlessly indifferent. The fate of these poor souls is to be born, then to be wrenched sideways so that every organ and every cell is restructured as a newly fledged juvenile. It seems such a gratuitous afterthought to do this after it leaves the heroic maneuvers of the egg in development, a double dose of massive cell migration and destruction. View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-09 03:40:44

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ACTING AS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. "The endocrine system and in particular the thyroid hormones (THs), thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), play a central role in vertebrate metamorphosis acting as transcription factors (TFs) when they bind to their receptors." https://lnkd.in/du68ipH View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-07 05:54:39

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“COMPLEXITY has been defined by Kennedy et al. as: “The interaction of many parts of a system, giving rise to behaviours and/or properties that are not found in the individual elements of the system”. Or as Wolfram put it: “It is possible to make things of great complexity out of things that are very simple. There is no conservation of simplicity”. https://lnkd.in/dRvnSMk View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-09 03:36:05

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THYROID HORMONE RECEPTORS "are expressed in cartilage and presumptive osteoblasts of Japanese flounder larvae, and asymmetric sensitivity to thyroid hormone in flatfish could, in principle, be regulated by differential expression of thyroid hormone receptor levels or isoforms, transcriptional coregulators, or types I, II or III deiodinase activity." https://lnkd.in/d9EMwRb View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2019-06-07 05:52:59

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DEFINED. “Emergence is closely related to the concepts of ‘complexity’ and ‘self-organisation’ . Including both of these concepts, Goldstein defines emergence as...the arising of novel and coherent structures, patterns and properties during the process of self-organization in complex systems.” https://lnkd.in/dRvnSMk View in LinkedIn
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