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HYPERVARIABLE CODE. "In 2000, Win95/Bistro was created. Based on sources of Zperm virus and RPME (Real Permutating Engine, available for other virus writers to create new metamorphic viruses). Uses a random code block insertion engine. Generates millions of iterations to challenge code emulator's speed." https://lnkd.in/d4jm2JB View in LinkedIn

BADBOY VIRUS. "The order of the subroutines will be different from generation to generation, which leads to n! different virus generations, where n is the number of subroutines. BadBoy had eight subroutines, and 8!=40,320 different generations. W32/Ghost (discovered in May 2000) has 10 functions, so 10!=3,628,800 combinations. Both of them can be detected with search strings, but some scanners need to deal with such a virus algorithmically." https://lnkd.in/d_2z5qc View in LinkedIn

UNRECOGNIZABLE OFFSPRING. "Metamorphic code is used by some viruses when they are about to infect new files, and the result is that the next generation will never look like current generation. The mutated code will do exactly the same thing (under the interpretation used), but the children's binary representation will typically be completely different from the parent's." https://lnkd.in/d8eMfUk View in LinkedIn

COMPLETE REWRITE. "Metamorphic viruses often translate their own binary code into a temporary representation, editing the temporary representation of themselves and then translate the edited form back to machine code again. This procedure is done with the virus itself, and thus also the metamorphic engine itself undergoes changes, which means that no part of the virus stays the same." https://lnkd.in/d8eMfUk View in LinkedIn

LAKING PATTERN SIGNATURES. "Metamorphic code is code that when run outputs a logically equivalent version of its own code under some interpretation. This is used by computer viruses to avoid the pattern recognition of anti-virus software." https://lnkd.in/d8eMfUk View in LinkedIn

FIRST FINDING. "Directional asymmetry, an evolutionary novelty, arose from nonheritable origins almost as often as from mutations, implying that genetic assimilation (“phenotype precedes genotype”) is a common mode of evolution." https://lnkd.in/dAEUFWY View in LinkedIn

CUE CANDIDATES. "These observations suggest the attractive possibility that the threshold for triggering a self-amplifying asymmetry is associated with the formation kinetics of local Rho-depleted and/or Par-2-rich/myosin inhibitory domains. Simple mathematical analyses show that such feedback loops could endow the cortex with a threshold response." https://lnkd.in/dAxynvD View in LinkedIn

SURPRISE FINDINGS. "Phylogenetic analyses of asymmetry variation, inheritance, and molecular mechanisms reveal unexpected insights into how development evolves." Especially applied to the symmetry of the heart. https://lnkd.in/dAEUFWY View in LinkedIn

CUE THRESHOLD. "There is a threshold level of inhibition that the cue must exceed to trigger symmetry breaking. This could either be a threshold in the inhibition domain size, the duration of inhibition, or both." https://lnkd.in/dAxynvD View in LinkedIn

LEFT-RIGHT ASYMMETRY. "Because of its simplicity, the binary-switch nature of left-right asymmetry permits meaningful comparisons among many different organisms." https://lnkd.in/dAEUFWY View in LinkedIn