Category: Uncategorized

GENETIC DEFINITION. "We define co-evolution as the process of reciprocal, adaptive genetic change in two or more species. This simply means that changes in gene frequencies as a result of selection acting on one population create selection for changes in gene frequencies in the other population(s), although the kinds of population genetic processes that result can be different." https://lnkd.in/d3-W8NW View in LinkedIn

GENETIC COMPATIBILITY. "Theoretical studies of co-evolution date back over 40 years; examples include ‘gene-for-gene’, ‘matching allele’ and ‘matching genotype’ models. The key feature of these models is that the outcome of the host–pathogen interaction depends on the combination of host and pathogen genotypes involved." https://lnkd.in/d3-W8NW View in LinkedIn

RECIPROCITY. "The term coevolution is used to describe cases where two (or more) species reciprocally affect each other's evolution. So for example, an evolutionary change in the morphology of a plant, might affect the morphology of an herbivore that eats the plant, which in turn might affect the evolution of the plant, which might affect the evolution of the herbivore...and so on." https://lnkd.in/dY9fCZ3 View in LinkedIn

MYXOMATOSIS EXAMPLE. "The classic example is the European rabbit–myxoma virus system in which, after the virus was introduced into a naïve rabbit population, phenotypic changes were observed in both pathogen and host components of virulence. The rapid, initial attenuation of the virus presumably represents adaptation to a novel host. But subsequent slower increases in both virus pathogenicity and the ability of the host to survive infection are consistent with co-evolution." https://lnkd.in/d3-W8NW View in LinkedIn

FRAGMENT FROM NATURE for the next two weekends is on coevolution. All creatures have predators; but predation is on a spectrum of relationships that is very wide, including parasitism and symbiosis. It is probably fairer to say that all creatures have other creatures with which they interact to greater or lesser degrees. Being eaten by a lion is rather different than having athlete’s foot. But the common feature within this spectrum is how these interacting creatures coevolve. View in LinkedIn

FORCED EVOLUTION. "A computer carefully scrutinized every member of large and diverse set of candidates. Each was evaluated dispassionately, and assigned a numeric score according to a strict set of criteria. This machine’s task was to single out the best possible pairings from the group, then force the selected couples to mate so that it might extract the resulting offspring and repeat the process with the following generation." https://lnkd.in/e5p4fXs View in LinkedIn

DIGITAL AND CHEMICAL. "Secondly, blocks of data are stored at the beginning or end of the file, while the primary instructions occupy the middle of the file. This creates the same organization pattern observed in human chromosomes where repetitive sequences are grouped near the telomeres and centromeres." https://lnkd.in/de9z-Pn View in LinkedIn

CODE AND CHROMOSOMES. "Executable code shows the same large scale organization as chromosomes. Firstly, changing bias between the use of 1’s and 0’s creates the same distribution pattern as isochores alternating between A/T and G/C bias." https://lnkd.in/de9z-Pn View in LinkedIn

TANDEM REPEATS. "Once visualized, the similarities between executable code and the human genome are both striking and ubiquitous. Executable code makes extensive use of tandem repeats which show the same kinds of variation normally explained as insertions, deletions, and substitutions in biology." https://lnkd.in/de9z-Pn View in LinkedIn

REPETITIVE CODE. "Executable programs in computers use the same patterns of repetition in instructions that we observe in genome sequences. Despite the fact that they share none of the same physical mechanisms, genomes and computer programs have very similar structures." https://lnkd.in/de9z-Pn View in LinkedIn