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ELEGANT DEFINITION. "Emergence is the phenomenon wherein complex, interesting high-level function is produced as a result of combining simple low-level mechanisms in simple ways." https://lnkd.in/dmJdbxk View in LinkedIn

IN SILICO MODELING. "Researchers from Michigan State University have used software to prove Charles Darwin’s postulation that small, seemingly inconsequential changes over thousands of generations can result in the evolution of complex functions." https://lnkd.in/dvEXJwm View in LinkedIn

SNOWFLAKES. "There is no intelligent designer of snowflakes. No one sketches out each pattern. Snow crystals grow by themselves without blueprints, with no plan." https://lnkd.in/dvEXJwm View in LinkedIn

"SMALL LOCAL RULES–for example, charges which cause atoms to attract or repel–lead spontaneously to large scale order and complexity, including reproduction and evolution." https://lnkd.in/dvEXJwm View in LinkedIn

SIMPLE PROGRAMS, COMPLEX BEHAVIOR. “Even two lines of code can evolve complexity. "Galileo moment. I’d seen something through my computational telescope that eventually made me change my whole world view. And made me realize that computation—even as done by a tiny program like the one here—is vastly more powerful and important than I’d ever imagined." http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2013/03/talking-about-the-computational-future-at-sxsw-2013/ View in LinkedIn

CODING IN NATURE. "What kind of programs might nature use? Given how complicated the things we see in nature are, we might think the programs it’s running must be really complicated. Maybe thousands or millions of lines of code. Like programs we write to do things." https://lnkd.in/d_xQqPE View in LinkedIn

SELF-ORGANIZATION. "From a multi-agent systems development point of view, the central question is: how to program single agents so that, when taken as a whole, they self-organise." And predictably! https://lnkd.in/dfAjwzM View in LinkedIn

BIOLOGICAL SELF-ORGANIZATION. "Self-organization can be defined as the formation of complex patterned structures from units of less complexity by local internal interactions, without referring to an external blueprint or template. These internal interactions typically form feedback loops, thereby conferring robustness to the system. Other common features found in self-organizing systems are nonlinearity, symmetry breaking and the emergence of patterns from stochastic fluctuations." https://lnkd.in/dPFe4e3 View in LinkedIn

SUMMATION MULTIPLIES. "At each level of complexity entirely new properties appear. Psychology is not applied biology, nor is biology applied chemistry. We can now see that the whole becomes not merely more, but very different from the sum of its parts." http://science.sciencemag.org/content/177/4047/393 View in LinkedIn