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"COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS (CAS) Theory: "The study of complex, nonlinear, interactive systems which have the ability to adapt to a changing environment. Such systems are characterized by the potential for self-organization and exist in a nonequilibrium environment. CAS's evolve by random mutation, self-organization, the transformation of their internal models of the environment, and natural selection." https://lnkd.in/dBCZ5hh View in LinkedIn

IRREVERSIBLE EXPLOITATION. "Complex life styles are often adaptations that exploit transient opportunities for growth or dispersal. Metamorphosis is the process whereby the organism irreversibly switches its adaptations from one of these functions to the other. Reproduction can occur in either the growth or the dispersal stage." http://www.jstor.org/stable/2096903?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents View in LinkedIn

SIMPLICITY BEGETS COMPLEXITY. "I’m starting to think that true artificial intelligence is not going to be a mathematically complex program expressly designed towards a pre-determined product, but rather an emergent behavior of a very simple ruleset." https://lnkd.in/dQV-Tkj View in LinkedIn

ABRUPT CHANGE. "I here apply the term complex life cycle to a life history that includes an abrupt ontogenic change in an individual's morphology, physiology, and behavior, usually associated with a change in habitat. The changes that accompany metamorphosis are often sufficiently radical for an ecologist to declare that the species sequentially occupies two niches." https://lnkd.in/du7CT4T View in LinkedIn

QUESTION: "Where does complexity come from? A: Complexity emerges from very simple rules." http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?EmergentBehavior View in LinkedIn

REDUCED COMPLEXITY. "In several independent trematode families, individual species reduced their life cycle to two or even only one host. As several independent reduction events occurred, strong selective forces seem to drive the evolution of reduced life cycles." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00895.x/full View in LinkedIn

LOW PROBABILITY. "The researchers’ results also show that this is the only way organisms can evolve...Calculations imply [that] the probability of the digital organisms getting that complex all at once is astronomically small." https://lnkd.in/dvEXJwm View in LinkedIn

AGENT SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS. "Natural self-organising systems function without central control and operate based on contextual local interactions. The particularity of self-organised systems is their capacity to spontaneously (without external control) produce a new organisation in case of environmental changes." https://lnkd.in/dfAjwzM View in LinkedIn

THE EDGE OF CHAOS. "Emergence occurs in a narrow possibility space lying between conditions that are too ordered and too disordered. This boundary or margin is the edge of chaos, which is always far from equilibrium. Near these equilibriums, a system has the ability to self-organise allowing an emergent phenomenon." https://lnkd.in/dfAjwzM View in LinkedIn