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FASTER LEARNING. "Reinforcement learning is one of the more prominent machine learning technologies, because of its unsupervised learning structure and its ability to produce continual learning, even in a dynamic operating environment. Applying this learning to cooperative multi-agent systems not only allows each individual agent to learn from its own experience, but also offers the opportunity for the individual agents to learn from other agents in the system, in order to increase the speed of learning." https://lnkd.in/d76E6Cv View in LinkedIn

TREE NON-SELF. “Indeed, abrupt change of plants' behavior towards its detached ramets suggests that integrity of the physical attachment is essential, and that plants do not remember their past relationships. Interesting as it is, self-nonself recognition does not pass the memory model test—and thus it should be left out from the plant intelligence discussion.” https://lnkd.in/dfsCv77 View in LinkedIn

MOTHER TREES. “We know that big old trees—we call them mother trees—will communicate with seedlings that are their kin or their kids and make room for those kids compared to seedlings that are strangers, and they are doing this through their mycorrhizal networks.” https://lnkd.in/dJsUQxb View in LinkedIn

GENE DUPLICATION IN METABOLIC EVOLUTION. "Most eukaryotic genomes have undergone whole genome duplications during their evolutionary history. Recent studies have shown that the function of these duplicated genes can diverge from the ancestral gene via neo- or sub-functionalization within single genotypes." https://lnkd.in/deyMTHD View in LinkedIn

YOU TUBE TUTORIALS. "The research we’re talking about here is from a paper titled, “Robot Learning Manipulation Action Plans by ‘Watching’ Unconstrained Videos from the World Wide Web.” The paper is really about visual processing: watching a human interacting with objects in a video, and then figuring out what that human is doing and how they’re doing it, with a final step of replicating those actions using the manipulation capabilities of a robot." http://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/artificial-intelligence/robots-learning-to-cook-by-watching-youtube-videos View in LinkedIn

BOLTED-ON PATCHWORK. Studies of exactly how metabolic pathway evolution may have occurred are very instructive to this patchwork bolted-on view of the biology of living creatures. The following study by Daniel J. Kliebenstein in Arabidopsis plants of the outcomes of gene duplication is highly illustrative case study of these principles. View in LinkedIn

ADDITIVE LEARNING. "The significance of having robots learn is that they can easily share their learning. One robot will not have to learn from scratch like a newborn animal. A new robot can be given the experiences of other robots and can build upon those." https://lnkd.in/dv6mpRG View in LinkedIn

METABOLIC PATHWAYS are highly complex and interconnected. But like all other elements of living things, they were not built from scratch, but evolved by bolting on molecules that had evolved for other purposes, thus creating a patchwork of inefficient and maladapted works in progress, just as the human foot was built by a drunken committee from the foot of tree-living ancestors. View in LinkedIn

COST-EFFECTIVE. "If a robot could learn a task by itself by watching experts, the ability to deploy robots quickly into a task at a low cost becomes more realistic." https://lnkd.in/e3DKPE3 View in LinkedIn