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ULTIMATE CHALLENGE. “Go has always been the pinnacle of perfect information games. It’s way more complicated than chess in terms of possibility, so it’s always been a bit of a holy grail or grand challenge for AI research, especially since Deep Blue.” https://lnkd.in/dT88xiV View in LinkedIn

HUMAN PARITY. “We tested this agent on the challenging domain of classic Atari 2600 games. We demonstrate that the deep Q-network agent, receiving only the pixels and the game score as inputs, was able to surpass the performance of all previous algorithms and achieve a level comparable to that of a professional human games tester across a set of 49 games, using the same algorithm, network architecture and hyperparameters." https://lnkd.in/daWaSDk View in LinkedIn

NOT PRE-PROGRAMMED. "As opposed to other AIs, such as IBM's Deep Blue or Watson, which were developed for a pre-defined purpose and only function within its scope, DeepMind claims that their system is not pre-programmed: it learns from experience, using only raw pixels as data input." https://lnkd.in/dRxFGp6 View in LinkedIn

RNA DRIVES PROCESSES. “This world of life processes is dominated by RNA, whereas DNA remains a habitat, an ecosphere of interacting RNAs that behave like inhabitants and as genetic information storage.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn

ARCHITECTURE. "We extend the capabilities of neural networks by coupling them to external memory resources, which they can interact with by attentional processes. The combined system is analogous to a Turing Machine or Von Neumann architecture but is differentiable end-to-end, allowing it to be efficiently trained with gradient descent. Preliminary results demonstrate that Neural Turing Machines can infer simple algorithms such as copying, sorting, and associative recall from input and output examples." (Google Deepmind). https://lnkd.in/dqC_7Tc View in LinkedIn

SHORT- AND LONG-TERM. “Such mobile genetic elements shape both genome architecture and regulation. Therefore they are agents of change not only over evolutionary time but also in real time as domesticated agents.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn

A FIRST DEFEAT. "In October 2015, a computer Go program called AlphaGo, powered by DeepMind, beat the European Go champion Fan Hui, a 2 dan (out of 9 dan possible) professional, five to zero. This is the first time an artificial intelligence (AI) defeated a professional player." https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_DeepMind View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this original contribution to biology from a philosopher. In particular, the transition from complex chemistry to life, abiogenesis, is at the heart of this. Identification of self, and cooperation are two clear themes. This is not Kipling’s “nature red in tooth and claw” nor the jungle of competition from Darwin, but a more modern synthesis of what drives evolution. View in LinkedIn

SO ENDS this original contribution to biology from a philosopher. In particular, the transition from complex chemistry to life, abiogenesis, is at the heart of this. Identification of self, and cooperation are two clear themes. This is not Kipling’s “nature red in tooth and claw” nor the jungle of competition from Darwin, but a more modern synthesis of what drives evolution. View in LinkedIn

EPIGENETIC SIGNATURES. “The deep grammar depends on how the superficial syntax is marked: in the genetic code by epigenetic imprintings or in sign sequences of utterances by gestures and emphasis. In all cases the hidden deep grammar decides whether a competent recipient can understand the intended meaning of the sender or not.” https://lnkd.in/dWwkKpD View in LinkedIn