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SUGGESTIVE DATA. “Here, we summarize major findings from recent research in this area (2013–2017). In general, nighttime administration of antihypertensives improved overall 24-h blood pressure profiles regardless of disease comorbidity. However, inconsistencies between studies suggest a need for more prospective randomized controlled trials with sufficient statistical power.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

EFFECTIVE DOSING. “To more effectively reduce nocturnal blood pressure and still counteract the morning surge in blood pressure, a number of studies have examined moving one or more antihypertensives from morning to bedtime dosing.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

BLOOD PRESSURE MEDS. “There is a well-documented 24-h pattern of blood pressure with a morning surge that may contribute to the observed morning increase in adverse cardiovascular events. Historically, antihypertensive therapy involves morning doses, usually aimed at reducing daytime blood pressure surges, but an absence of nocturnal dipping blood pressure is also associated with increased cardiovascular risk.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

NEW POSSIBILITIES. “This suggests that chronotherapy, either in terms of external clock time or internal biological time, is underutilized and could be a major consideration to improve modern personalized medicine.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

CIRCADIAN BEST SELLERS. “Recent examination of 12 different organs in a mouse model demonstrates that the protein targets of 56% of the top-selling and World Health Organization essential medicines oscillate with circadian profiles.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

CLOCK BLINDNESS. “Currently, very few medications are administered based on the time of day in order to optimize beneficial effects or reduce side effects. Moreover, internal biological time (circadian phase) can differ between people in relation to external clock time, yet, since it is difficult to instantaneously assess circadian phase, there are virtually no medications currently administered based on internal biological time.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

MILIEU INTÉRIEUR “A medication’s effects are also dependent on receptor site availability and function, which can also be affected by the circadian system and by prior behaviors, such as exercise.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn

CLOCK AFFECTS ADME. “The sum of these daily circadian (24-h) and behavioral physiological patterns can therefore affect a medication’s bioavailability and duration of action through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination.’ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11906-018-0897-4 View in LinkedIn