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PATTERNING HOMOLOGY. "Attempting to infer structural homology from molecular evidence is fraught with difficulty. However, the hypothesis presented here does not imply structural homology. Rather, the utilization of homologous developmental genes by cnidarians and bilaterians to pattern their primary and secondary body axes suggests homology at the level of the patterning mechanisms themselves, not the structures whose locations are governed by the patterning mechanisms." https://lnkd.in/dph5vzr View in LinkedIn

DEFINITION. “A synapomorphy is a shared, derived character, common between an ancestor and its descendants.” https://lnkd.in/daNkDTJ View in LinkedIn

NEW PROPOSAL. "From these findings, we may tentatively conclude that bilateral symmetry is a synapomorphy of bilaterians and cnidarians." https://lnkd.in/dph5vzr View in LinkedIn

Morning light on Girona cathedral. View in LinkedIn

BODY PLAN HOMOLOGY. "Some cnidarians and most bilaterians are united by the possession two orthogonal axes of polarity. Together, these axes produce bilateral symmetry. While the bilateral symmetry of a sea anemone is far less overt than the bilateral symmetry of a mouse or a fruitfly, a comparison of gene expression patterns suggests that this fundamental body plan feature is homologous between cnidarians and bilaterians." https://lnkd.in/dph5vzr View in LinkedIn

HOMOLOGY OF HOX GENES. "In bilaterians, Hox gene expression has provided compelling evidence of homology in the A-P patterning mechanisms of deuterostomes and protostomes." https://lnkd.in/dph5vzr View in LinkedIn