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MICRO-RNAs. "By using grafts between wild-type and mutant roots and shoots of Arabidopsis, recent studies have shown that small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) can act as mobile signals that direct epigenetic modifications in the genome of recipient cells." http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/11/3713.full View in LinkedIn

MARKINGS. "The N-terminal tails of core histone proteins can be covalently modified by acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, sumoylation, carbonylation, and glycation. The combinatorial set of modifications (histone code) plays an essential role in regulating dynamic changes in chromatin structure, ultimately influencing gene transcription in response to diverse exogenous and endogenous stimuli including stress, pathogen attack, temperature, light, and hormones." http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/11/3713.full View in LinkedIn

TRANSPOSON CONTROL. "Plants, as well as other highly developed multicellular organisms, show increased DNA methylation when compared with other eukaryotic organisms, probably due to the need for more efficient control of transposons, or the need for additional epigenetic regulation to control the development of many different cell types." http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/11/3713.full View in LinkedIn

STRUCTURE BETRAYS FUNCTION. “The mound’s differentiated structure is important to its function. The mound is a wind-driven lung that intercepts kinetic energy in turbulent wind and filters it through an elaborate network of tunnels that ultimately connects the nest air to the atmosphere. For many years, it was thought this tunnel network served to direct bulk flows of air through the nest, driven either by buoyant nest air heated by the colony’s metabolism, or by tapping into boundary layer gradients in wind speed.” https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12304-016-9256-5 View in LinkedIn