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“One of the Milky Way’s premier star factories is the Carina Nebula (NGC 3372), which came to life about 3 million years ago when stars first ignited in a cloud of molecular hydrogen. In this view, jets of gas erupt from infant stars emerging from their birthplaces.”" " https://lnkd.in/dVvuFFPY View in LinkedIn

A Caganer (Catalan pronunciation: [kəɣəˈne]) is a figurine depicted in the act of defecation appearing in nativity scenes in Catalonia and neighbouring areas with Catalan culture such as Andorra, Valencia, and Northern Catalonia (in southern France). It is most popular and widespread in these areas, but can also be found in other areas of Spain (Murcia), Portugal, and southern Italy (Naples)." " https://lnkd.in/dkEcYBAS View in LinkedIn

“ISAAC NEWTON was so haunted by that sense of the transcendent that he devoted the latter part of his life to alchemical studies.” https://lnkd.in/dCkkSu3Y View in LinkedIn

PRELIMINARY INSIGHTS. “While Gbar is preparing a precision measurement with antihydrogen ions cooled to a few tens of microkelvin, the ALPHA collaboration, which made the first spectroscopic measurements on antihydrogen, achieved in 2013 the first constraints on antimatter gravity, though still a factor ≈ 65 larger than the sensitivity necessary to test antigravity.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

MUDDLED FINDING. “But helium-3 is a bad probe of the primordial universe since it can be both destroyed and produced after the initial phases of the universe. As a result, it has sparked little enthusiasm from experimentalists, and the measurements, clearly below the prediction of the Dirac-Milne universe, are probably inconclusive since the authors themselves note that (their) “result for 3He is exactly the opposite of what one would expect (...).” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

ANTIGRAVITY TEST. “Importantly, a key test of the Dirac-Milne cosmology will soon be realized in the laboratory with cold antihydrogen atoms: the AEgIS, ALPHA-g and Gbar experiments at CERN are expected to provide tests of the antigravity hypothesis.” (2018). https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

1ST PROBLEM. “Taken at face value, there are two observational problems facing the Dirac-Milne universe. The first problem is related to an overproduction, by nearly a factor 10, of helium-3.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

RECONSIDERATION. “This led us to the study of the properties of the Dirac-Milne universe, a symmetric matter-antimatter universe, where antimatter is endowed with negative mass, an analog of the electron-hole system in a semi-conductor, providing a cosmology impressively concordant with our universe.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

PROPOSED SOLUTION. “On this basis, Benoit-Levy and Chardin proposed the so-called “Dirac-Milne” universe, a universe containing the same amount of matter and anti-matter (hence Dirac’s name), endowed respectively with positive and negative mass.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn

THE IMPOSSIBLE FADES. “The fact that in several respects our universe appears very similar to a coasting or empty universe is a motivation to reconsider the impossibility arguments against the existence of negative mass, on the one hand, and antigravity, on the other.” https://lnkd.in/daA2SgMy View in LinkedIn