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METAMORPHIC ROCK. “The process of metamorphism may also involve chemical reactions between minerals, even if they are not in the molten state. In this case, the minerals exchange atoms and new minerals are formed.” https://lnkd.in/eSpeQsqS View in LinkedIn

VIDEO of crystal grain growth. https://lnkd.in/ePfF6xAY View in LinkedIn

VAST ION EXCHANGES. “Dilution of the soil solution by the addition of water containing much Ca+2 and Mg+2 favors the leaching of NV1 and the retention of the calcium and magnesium in the exchange sites of clay minerals and organic matter in soils.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

LIGHT + MATTER. “In 1905, Albert Einstein (14 March 1879–18 April 1955, Nobel Prize in Physics 1921) published a paper advancing the hypothesis that light energy is carried in discrete quantized packets (photons), each with energy hν to explain experimental data from the photoelectric effect.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

DYNAMIC SOLUTES. “Calcium and magnesium are the dominant exchangeable cations in most soils with a neutral or alkaline reaction. Rainwater dilutes the soil solution, but at the same time it adds appreciable amounts of cations.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

QUANTA CONCEPT. “In 1900, while studying black-body radiation, the German physicist Max Planck (23 April 1858–4 October 1947, Nobel Prize in Physics 1918) (Figure 2) suggested that the energy carried by electromagnetic waves could only be released in “packets” of energy.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

CATION EXCHANGES. “The cations of the soluble salts in saline soils occupy the exchange positions of the clay minerals and modify or prevent development of soil profiles, particularly with regard to the movement of clay. Sodium in exchange positions may cause a flocculated, jellylike mass of clay similar to a sodium bentonite when wet.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

THE SEED. “In 1887, the German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (22 February 1857–1 January 1894) (Figure 1) found that electrodes irradiated with ultraviolet light created electric sparks more easily.” https://lnkd.in/eDZvjevE View in LinkedIn

SEASONAL SOLUTIONS. “The mean pH of the entire network shows a distinct annual cycle, the acidity being greatest in winter and the alkalinity greatest in late spring. These facts are of considerable geochemical significance because the pH values characterize the reaction of the water that is leaching rocks and soils in Scandinavia.” https://lnkd.in/ete8CApd View in LinkedIn

A wonderful series of unrealated afterthoughts written in a wall in Girona. View in LinkedIn