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SUPER-OVULATION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER IN CATTLE. It is now common practice to super-ovulate an outstanding cow, induce her to produce multiple eggs and inseminate her with a superior bull, and harvest the embryos which will be transplanted into recipient hormonal lay synchronized cows to make dozens of superior offspring. http://www.cattletoday.com/archive/2007/May/CT987.shtml View in LinkedIn

LARGE SCALE SPERM SEXING "using flow cytometry and cellsorting technology is now available for many mammalian species with approximately 90% accuracy. This technique has been applied only in the cattle livestock industry on a large-scale commercial basis." http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1274/jmor.29.119 View in LinkedIn

SPERM SEXING or sexed semen is a technique to separate out sperm with the larger X chromosome so that male or female offspring can be fairly reliably produced. It was developed in the late 1980s. https://extension.usu.edu/cache/files/uploads/SEMEN%2520FOR%2520DAIRY%2520AND%2520BEEF%2520CATTLE.pdf View in LinkedIn

MAJOR CATTLE INDUSTRY CHANGES in the last 75 years have included: artificial insemination; estrous synchronization; sperm sexing; and embryo collection, transfer, freezing, manipulation, in vitro production, and cloning. Not to mention the bovine growth hormone in milk adventure. Hang on tight. http://lnkd.in/bvpAEeR View in LinkedIn

AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY ON rBGH. "The available evidence shows that the use of rBGH can cause adverse health effects in cows. The evidence for potential harm to humans is inconclusive. It is not clear that drinking milk produced using rBGH significantly increases IGF-1 levels in humans or adds to the risk of developing cancer." http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/athome/recombinant-bovine-growth-hormone View in LinkedIn

SIMILAR BUT NOT IDENTICAL. "Milk from rBST-treated cows is chemically similar to traditional milk. Both have very similar levels of protein, fat, and sugar, and comparable levels of vitamins and minerals. Milk from rBST-treated cows is not, however, chemically identical to traditional milk ...slightly elevated levels of ... BST, and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)." http://lnkd.in/bc36Qsd View in LinkedIn

INCENTIVES FOR C-SECTION QUESTIONED. "The number of C-sections performed has grown, for example, a fourfold increase from 1971 to 1991 ... This may be accredited to the improved technology in detecting prebirth distress. Malpractice has been looked into because of the rapid increase. Some argue the higher costs of C-section births compared to regular births make physicians quicker to recommend surgery." http://lnkd.in/dUNe4MM View in LinkedIn

SIGNIFICANT USE of rBST POST-LAUNCH. "From 2000-2005 the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) survey of dairy producers found that about 17% of producers used rBST." http://lnkd.in/bc36Qsd View in LinkedIn

RISE IN CAESARIAN SECTIONS. "The rate has risen to 46% in China and to levels of 25% and above in many Asian, European and Latin American countries. The rate has increased in the United States, to 33% of all births in 2012, up from 21% in 1996. Across Europe, there are differences between countries: in Italy the Caesarean section rate is 40%, while in the Nordic countries it is 14%." http://lnkd.in/dUNe4MM View in LinkedIn

DIFFERING OPINIONS. The FDA, WHO, ADA, and NIH "have independently stated that dairy products and meat from BST-treated cows are safe for human consumption. A European Union report ... states that its usage often results in "severe and unnecessary pain, suffering and distress" for cows, "associated with serious mastitis, foot disorders and some reproductive problems". http://lnkd.in/bc36Qsd View in LinkedIn