Category: Uncategorized

TOXIC COMPOUNDS. "Chlorine also reacts with any organic matter present in the water. Among the products formed are chloroform and a variety of other trihalomethanes (THMs) ... they nevertheless have caused considerable anxiety because several of them are known or suspected carcinogens." http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chlorination.html View in LinkedIn

LIMITED DBP MONITORING. "Only trihalomethanes tend to be routinely monitored in drinking water and the standard for total THMs in the UK is 100 μg/l. Water treatment, however, can take many forms and can use different chemicals ... Each treatment methodology has certain advantages and disadvantages, but all of them form by-products of some sort." http://lnkd.in/dZKnxVR View in LinkedIn

PERUVIAN REACTION. The Cato Institute piled in on the Peruvian mistake gratuitously by citing that cancer rates did not fall. Measuring cancer rates takes years or decades, so it simply highlights the inflamed rhetoric behind this report. It also assumes that the readership are uninformed. http://lnkd.in/d_bX885 View in LinkedIn

EMERGING TOXIC BY-PRODUCTS: "emerging DBPs (e.g. iodinated trihalomethanes (THMs) and acids, haloacetonitriles, halonitromethanes (HNMs), haloacetaldehydes, nitrosamines) that may be more toxic than some of the regulated ones (e.g. chlorine- and bromine-containing THMs and haloacetic acids)." http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

CATO ON THE PERUVIAN TRAGEDY. "The EPA warns that chlorine reacts with chemicals in water to produce cancer-causing compounds. Heeding that advice, Peruvian officials reduced chlorine in drinking water. Cancer cases didn’t fall. Cholera skyrocketed ... under-chlorinated water failed to kill cholera bacteria ... killing almost 12,000 people." http://lnkd.in/d_bX885 View in LinkedIn

WELL-KNOWN COMMON DBPs. "The most common DBPs are trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Trihalomethanes are the main disinfectant by-products created from chlorination ... bromoform and dibromochloromethane, which are mainly responsible for health hazards." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination View in LinkedIn

UNREGULATED EMERGING DBPs. "Surveys in the USA and Canada in the 1990s and 2000s provided data for assessing the formation, occurrence and control of emerging DBPs that are not currently regulated in the USA." http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

DISINFECTANT BY-PRODUCTS (DBPs). "Chlorine can react with naturally occurring organic compounds found in the water supply to produce compounds known as disinfection byproducts (DBPs)." Chlorine acts as a microbial disinfectant because it is very reactive, but this property is the heart of the problem with chlorination. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination View in LinkedIn

HUNDREDS OF DBPs. "Approximately 50 ‘high-priority’ DBPs were identified that received the highest ranking for potential toxicity ... recent studies suggest that certain emerging DBPs of potential health concern can be formed when alternative disinfectants to chlorine are used to minimize the formation of the regulated chlorination DBPs." http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/367/1904/4077.full View in LinkedIn

ESTABLISHED CHORINATED BY-PRODUCTS. "Chlorinated byproducts of treated drinking water were discovered in 1974 ... And been associated with elevated risk of bladder cancer and colorectal cancer," and brain cancers. This group of toxic byproducts refers to the groups that were described thirty years ago, not the emerging compounds. http://lnkd.in/dDuZVN6 View in LinkedIn