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THE NICOTINE NICHE. "With growing regulatory pressure against cigarettes ... tobacco companies seem to be reframing their business as maintaining nicotine addiction through other products ... Thus, it seems that now, as in 1963, tobacco companies remain firmly entrenched in “…the business of selling nicotine." http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/21/2/92.full View in LinkedIn

ENHANCED NICOTINE KINETICS. "The amount of freebase nicotine in cigarette smoke increases as the alkalinity, or pH, increases. This factor can be influenced by the use of certain additives. "It is likely that ingredients such as ammonia and urea account for this addiction-enhancing effect. But you can also adjust the chemistry of the smoke by adjusting the blend." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

CRACK NICOTINE. "Previous research has shown that a drug's addictiveness is influenced by the speed at which it is delivered to the brain and absorbed into and from the blood stream. The study shows that the modern cigarette does to nicotine what crack does to cocaine." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

CRACK NICOTINE. "Some cigarettes have a "kick" containing 35 times more "freebase" nicotine - the most addictive form - than others ... The findings could help rate the addictiveness of different brands." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

ENGINEERED ADDICTION. "Tobacco industry documents indicate the companies precisely control the delivery and amount of nicotine to create and sustain addiction." Create and sustain addiction. " "2014_06_19_DesignedforAddiction_web.pdf View in LinkedIn

AS STRONG AS HEROIN OR ALCOHOL. "Among heroin addicts, about 38 percent rank the urge to smoke as equal to or stronger than the urge to take heroin. Among those addicted to alcohol, about 50 percent say the urge to smoke is at least as strong as the urge to drink." https://lnkd.in/dTpG4wq View in LinkedIn

STRONGER THAN COCAINE. "When heavily dependent users of cocaine are asked to compare the urge to take cocaine with the urge to smoke cigarettes, about 45 percent say the urge to smoke is as strong or stronger than that for cocaine." https://lnkd.in/dTpG4wq View in LinkedIn

HIGHER BIOAVAILABILITY OF MODERN NICOTINE. "Tobacco companies are using chemicals to strip salts off of the nicotine molecule (de-protonate it), allowing nicotine to more quickly and easily penetrate tissues and membranes, and making it more "bioavailable" to the lungs and brain. This rapid penetration form of nicotine is known as "free-base." https://lnkd.in/d9E4Jw4 View in LinkedIn

FREE BASE NICOTINE. Ammonia was introduced into cigarettes to convert nicotine into freebase, which is more readily absorbed and gives a stronger rush, just as was found with freebase cocaine, or crack. It was responsible from turning Marlboro from a marginal brand to a leading brand. The modern cigarette is different. " "2014_06_19_DesignedforAddiction_web.pdf View in LinkedIn

CDC ON NICOTINE. "Research suggests that nicotine is as addictive as heroin, cocaine, or alcohol." It does not get clearer than that. https://lnkd.in/dgcQaMb View in LinkedIn