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"THE ORGANIC CONSTITUENT is mainly made up of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. This organic framework controls the formation of calcium carbonate crystals. It even controls the polymorph of the crystal deposited, controlling positioning and elongation of crystals and preventing their growth where appropriate." https://lnkd.in/dtpKQHE View in LinkedIn

"THE SHELL PATTERN is, so to say, a space-time plot. The shells provide a unique situation in that the complete history of a highly dynamic process is preserved. This provides the opportunity to decode this process." http://www.eb.tuebingen.mpg.de/research/emeriti/hans-meinhardt/shells.html View in LinkedIn

GROWING EDGE OF THE SHELL is where "pigment becomes incorporated during growth at the edge. In these case, the pattern formation proceeds in a strictly linear manner. The second dimension is a protocol of what happens as function of time along the growing edge." http://www.eb.tuebingen.mpg.de/research/emeriti/hans-meinhardt/shells.html View in LinkedIn

EPISODIC CONSTRUCTION. "The shell is constructed by periodic—usually daily—bouts of secretion. Sensory organs in the mantle detect the presence of pigment and stimulate pigment secretion in local secretory cells." https://lnkd.in/dqhz3rW View in LinkedIn

SPACE-TIME IDIOGRAMS. "There is no evolutionary record of nervous systems, but what you’re seeing on the surface of seashells is a space-time record, like the recording of brain-wave activity in an electroencephalogram." http://www.news.pitt.edu/CONUSSHELLS View in LinkedIn

NEURAL CONTROL. "Seashells display a remarkable variety of ornate pigmentation patterns ... shell growth and patterning are under neural control and that shell growth and pigmentation is a neurosecretory phenomenon." http://www.pnas.org/content/106/16/6837.full View in LinkedIn

THREE PATTERN MOTOFS. "All shell patterns fall into three basic classes: stripes perpendicular to the growing edge, bands parallel to the growing edge, and complex patterns created by asymmetric "traveling waves" of pigment or calcium deposition." https://lnkd.in/dbb9aAU View in LinkedIn

SHELL PATTERNS IN SPACE AND TIME. "The patterns on shells of molluscs show an overwhelming diversity. Very little is known about the biological basis of shell patterning." (1987). A beautifil theoretical analysis of the complex pattern motifs of some shells. http://www.eb.tuebingen.mpg.de/research/emeriti/hans-meinhardt/shells.html View in LinkedIn

SHELLS AS THOUGHTS OF A MOLLUSK. "The pattern on a seashell is the mollusk's memories ... The shell is laid down in layers, so the mantle is sensing the history of the mollusk's 'thoughts' and extrapolating to the next layer, just like our brains project into the future." https://lnkd.in/dbb9aAU View in LinkedIn

MATHEMATATICIANS DESCRIBE BIOLOGY. "Biological morphogenesis is a mechanical pro- cess that connects genetic, molecular, and cellular activities with the macroscopic deformations shaping organisms. ... shell morphogenesis can be thought of as a trajectory unfolding in a shape space constrained by geometry and mechanics." https://lnkd.in/dSJZzWB View in LinkedIn