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MOUTH ELECTRICITY not from piezoelectricity, to be confused with the galvanic currents caused by different metal conductors used in dentistry. When a spoon touches a mercury filling you can experience an electric shock, with saliva as the electrolyte. The sensitivity of the body is well within these amounts of electricity generated. https://lnkd.in/eWtcUtS View in LinkedIn

GUT BIOME AND EATING. "These studies demonstrate that the lack of, or changes in, gut microbiota result in vast alterations in intestinal nutrient-sensitive elements that can alter subsequent energy intake. How gut microbiota modulates endocrine functions is still under investigation." https://lnkd.in/eAHnG_r View in LinkedIn

BITE-INDUCED CURRENTS in the mouth were hypothesized to cause postoperative pain with dental materials. Although small currents were measured in isolated mechanically strained dental materials, but the literature ended there. https://lnkd.in/eKPdRZH View in LinkedIn

SWEET TASTE RECEPTORS AND OBESITY. Sweet taste receptors either in the mouth or gut release satiety hormones (PYY, GLP-1, GIP) and these satiety signals are relayed to the brain via the vagus nerve. https://lnkd.in/edDm344 View in LinkedIn

"THE DENTIN layer below the enamel has significantly higher fraction of organic material, up to 30-40%. The dominant organic constituent of tooth and other calcified and connective tissues is collagen." https://lnkd.in/evjaNwH View in LinkedIn

BIOME AND SATIETY. "Microbial by-products can affect functional expression of intestinal nutrient-responsive GPRS and GI hormones, suggesting a role for gut microbiota and its metabolic by-products in modulating satiety." (GPRS = taste receptors). https://lnkd.in/eAHnG_r View in LinkedIn

INTERFERONS AND TASTE. "Host interferons fight against bacterial and viral infections, but can themselves be toxic to the host. Patients with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease, or those on long-term interferon therapy suffer from taste and smell symptoms." https://lnkd.in/eBud7xG View in LinkedIn

INFECTIONS AND TASTE ABNORMALITIES. Patients with viral and bacterial infections often suffer from taste disturbances. Injection of molecules secreted by bacteria and viruses into mice to mimic infections results in altered gene expression in taste bud cells. https://lnkd.in/eBud7xG View in LinkedIn

BACTERIAL MOLECULES, such as bacterially-derived LPS induces inflammation which changes taste cell responses and shortens their lifespan. https://lnkd.in/evfercC View in LinkedIn

TASTE CELL MEDIATOR. "These results suggest that TNF-alpha produced by taste cells may function as a physiologic or pathological mediator in immune surveillance and inflammation." https://lnkd.in/erYucpp View in LinkedIn