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TUMOR "acquisition of specific super-enhancers presumably results from chromosomal translocation, gene amplification, increased transcription factor expression, or somatic mutation of noncoding elements, all of which are known to contribute to tumorigenesis. Interestingly, genomic rearrangements can also contribute to tumorigenesis by simultaneous ectopic transcriptional activation and haploinsufficiency during super-enhancers transitions." https://lnkd.in/exFAp7h View in LinkedIn

ENHANCER ENRICHED. "Cancer cells acquire super-enhancers to drive high level transcription of oncogenes, and sequence variation associated with other diseases is especially enriched in super-enhancers." https://lnkd.in/e5vj59F View in LinkedIn

NEW DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS. "Super-enhancers can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapeutics. Current studies have identified super-enhancers in more than 100 cell types and demonstrated their functional importance." https://lnkd.in/eSAYCfF View in LinkedIn

"ENHANCED ENHANCERS. The recent discovery of super-enhancers may offer new drug targets for a range of diseases." https://lnkd.in/esCre5j View in LinkedIn

"SEA: a super-enhancer archive. The current release of SEA incorporates 83,996 super-enhancers computationally or experimentally identified in 134 cell types/tissues/diseases." This appears to be an ungovernable committee of genes. http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/11/16/nar.gkv1243.full View in LinkedIn

DUAL OUTCOMES. "Super-enhancers play important roles in normal development, although their aberrant assembly can enhance the abnormal expression of key genes and contribute to multiple diseases including Alzheimer's disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus and cancers." https://lnkd.in/e6cA5kH View in LinkedIn

ELITE DRIVERS. "Because only 1 to 2 percent of active genes are physically linked to a super-enhancer, mapping the locations of super-enhancers can be used to pinpoint the small number of genes that may drive the biology of that cell." https://lnkd.in/esCre5j View in LinkedIn

TOP HIERARCHY. "Our working theory is that we don’t need to study all 10,000 genes expressed in a cell...Super-enhancers will point us to ones that are the most important.” https://lnkd.in/ezRUFD5 View in LinkedIn

THE LIST of the top hierarchical genes is considerable. The higher up the strata of control, the smaller the numbers appear to be, although the search is far from over. So far, there does not appear to be a single, or just a few command genes, but rather a group of super-powerful controlling genes that act in concert. View in LinkedIn

SUPER-ENHANCERS AS DISEASE HOT-SPOTS. "These results confirm that much of disease-associated DNA sequence variation occurs in transcriptional regulatory regions of the genome, indicate that most of this variation occurs in enhancers, and reveal that variation disproportionately impacts super-enhancer domains." https://lnkd.in/eY3t4KN View in LinkedIn