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POLARITY OF GENE TRANSFER. "Horizontal gene transfer commonly occurs from cells to viruses but rarely occurs from viruses to their host cells, with the exception of retroviruses and some DNA viruses." https://lnkd.in/eCybf-m View in LinkedIn

HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER. "The fixation of genes horizontally transferred is not a rampant phenomenon between organisms with substantial phylogenetic separations...>50% of Archaea have one or more protein domains acquired by HGT, and nearly 30–50% of Bacteria did the same when examined at three taxonomic ranges. But, the equivalent value for Eukarya is

MOSAIC OPERONS. "Two evolutionary scenarios for the origin of such mosaic operons are conceivable. The first involves de novo assembly of operons, in part from genes acquired via HGT, whereas the second one postulates in situ xenologous displacement of genes within a resident operon." https://lnkd.in/eRYS-TZ View in LinkedIn

"INTRAGENOMIC plasticity and inter-species horizontal mobility of operons are thought to be important facets of prokaryotic genome evolution." https://lnkd.in/eRYS-TZ View in LinkedIn

"HORIZONTAL transfer of entire operons is the most likely explanation for most of the findings of co-localized 'alien' genes in a genome." https://lnkd.in/eRYS-TZ View in LinkedIn

BRILLIANT REVIEW. "Shuffling and disruption of operons and horizontal gene transfer are major contributions to the new, dynamic view of prokaryotic evolution. Under the 'selfish operon' hypothesis, operons are viewed as mobile genetic entities that are constantly disseminated via horizontal gene transfer, although their retention could be favored by the advantage of coregulation of functionally linked genes." https://lnkd.in/eRYS-TZ View in LinkedIn

"HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER (HGT) is thought to play an important role in the evolution of species and innovation of genomes. Here, we present a method of identifying HGT events within a given protein family and estimate the global extent of HGT in all curated protein domain families (≈8,000) listed in the Pfam database." https://lnkd.in/eawF3Dn View in LinkedIn

ACROSS TIME AND SPACE. "We observe [gene transfer] across the Tree of Life, meaning that bacteria separated by hundreds of millions or billions of years of evolution are engaged in HGT...Furthermore, distantly related bacteria that inhabited the same environment had higher levels of gene exchange compared with closely related bacteria that inhabited different environments." https://lnkd.in/e8222ss View in LinkedIn

ENORMOUS EXTENT. "One of the most surprising findings of whole-genome sequencing is the enormous extent of LGT, indicating that gene swapping among organisms is not a laboratory oddity but a constitutive factor in diversification. On average, 2.6 prophages have been detected per free-living bacterial species, and a number of bacterial genomes contain between 3% and 10% prophage DNA." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00539.x/full View in LinkedIn

GENETIC SWAP-MEET. "When Chris Smillie and Mark Smith from MIT looked at the genomes of over 2,200 species of bacteria, they found 10,000 genes that had been recently swapped. These genes were more than 99 percent identical, even though they came from bacteria that were distantly related." https://lnkd.in/etuiYJg View in LinkedIn