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RETROVIRAL ROOTS. "Life could not function without the key agents of DNA replication, namely mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. Not only rRNA, but also tRNA and the processing of the primary transcript into the pre-mRNA and the mature mRNA are clearly descended from retro-“elements” with obvious retroviral ancestry." (mRNA = messenger RNA; tRNA = transfer RNA; rRNA = ribosomal RNA). https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

PREFERRED HABITAT. "Persistent endogenous agents that are competent in natural genome editing apparently prefer a special kind of habitat characterized as noncoding DNA sectors. They use a syntax mainly consisting of direct or inverted repeats." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

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RETRO-ELEMENTS. "We only know that they act in a precisely coordinated manner that would be impossible without competent signalling. This includes a strict capacity for self/nonself identification, which is a major asset of RNAs in general and of small nucleolar RNAs in particular." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

RNA CONNECTED. "It appears that all the detailed steps of evolution stored in DNA that are read, transcribed, and translated in every developmental and growth process of each individual cell depend on RNA-mediated processes, in most cases interconnected with other RNAs and their associated protein complexes and functions in a strict hierarchy of temporal and spatial steps." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

CHALLENGING FORENSICS. "We also know that all related retro-elements share a common genome-editing capacity similar to transposable elements. Nonetheless, it remains difficult to reconstruct how all these DNA-encoded RNA agents reached a persistent status in hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands of elements." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

DYNAMIC AND MODULAR. "The exaptations of former (infection-derived) inventions to more more appropriate needs...offering a highly dynamic modular perspective on these interacting agents." http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nyas.12570/abstract View in LinkedIn

SWARM SOPHISTICATION. "It is now possible to appreciate how sophisticatedly the competent agents act in the case of endogenous retroviral swarms, that have reached a persistent and nonlytic lifestyle." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS. "These agents enable complex organisms to integrate several temporal steps and a great variety of coordinated signalling processes in eukaryotic cell replication, fix them in a conserved DNA storage medium, and if necessary, resolve conservation, change, rearrange, or newly construct the whole genomic content and sequence order." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn

POWERFUL GENETIC MAKEOVERS. "Recent research shows extensive dynamic DNA remodelling by mobile agents, such as transposons, retroposons, and noncoding RNAs, which are able to cause a wide variety of DNA arrangements, rearrangements, and recombinations." https://lnkd.in/euyhznh View in LinkedIn