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RNA AGENTS AND PROTEIN CODING. "It now seems plausible that the basic coding of proteins and their variable regulations (conserved in DNA) are the collective results of an abundance of complementary RNA agents." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

NATURAL SELECTION IN RNA CONSORTIA. "Whereas the single stem-loop emergence seems to not be subjected to selection processes, the consortia that are built with these tools are subjected to selection processes." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

STEM LOOPS. "They are not only remnants of the ancient RNA world but ongoing infection-derived modular tools for new cellular needs, that is, “domesticated” consortia of interacting RNA agents such as viruses, mobile genetic elements, and noncoding RNAs." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

RNA WORLD AGENTS. "These compatible stem loops not only comprise the agents of the current RNA world but also include all forms of RNA viruses. This means the stem-loop tool—with its base-pairing and nonpairing composition—is relevant to all agents of the current RNA world being active in cellular genomes after transcription." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

SHARED MOTIFS. "Each RNA nucleotide of any natural RNA sequence is part of one of these secondary structure motifs: stem, loop, bulge, junction or end, or another unpaired region. This means that the composition of RNA bases follows the stem-loop architecture as an appropriate tool, to store information and build more complex ensembles that together act catalytically as ribozymes." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

COEVOLUTION. "A rather astonishing conclusion of these facts is that randomly associated RNAs that have no evolutionary history show the same structure-dependent compositional bias as ribosomal RNAs. This means that the differences do not depend on selection processes but on the overall composition of the RNA consortium." https://lnkd.in/eUYvi8e View in LinkedIn

SEQUENCE AND MEANING. "The most crucial questions are: do DNA sequences contain a hidden deep grammar structure that varies according to the meaning and context of environmental insults; do DNA sequences match with high fidelity environmental circumstances that led to epigenetic markings and memory? If yes, this would then mean that the identical DNA sequence may have various- even contradictory-meanings. In fact, this scenario is emerging as true." https://lnkd.in/eG_TcWz View in LinkedIn

Spanish photographer Xavi Bou uses an antique photo-technique to freeze birds in flight View in LinkedIn

RHETORICAL QUESTION. "Is DNA the unequivocal syntax for sequences out of which one can construct living cells, viruses and phages for a household appliance? Or is the superficial molecular syntax of DNA solely the result of evolution’s long inserts and deletions of an abundance of various genetic parasites that shape host genomes?" https://lnkd.in/eG_TcWz View in LinkedIn

LIMITATIONS. "In complex genomes like humans, the coding genes are about 1.5% of the total genome whereas the abundance of non-coding RNAs are about 98.5%. This means Craig Venter’s household appliance box could focus only on the 1.5% coding sequences." https://lnkd.in/eG_TcWz View in LinkedIn