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DESTRUCTION. "Transcripts that lack identity elements are targeted for degradation. In agreement with this model, intronless RNA molecules that have a random sequence are poorly exported from the nucleus and have a very short half-life." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

IDENTITY ELEMENTS. "These mRNA identity features activate coupling reactions, which in turn promote the further processing, nuclear export, and translation of a particular transcript. Likewise, other classes of functional RNAs (e.g., tRNAs and snRNAs) have their own identity elements." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

CODING VS NON-CODING. "On average, protein-coding genes have eight introns, while the majority of annotated ENCODE intergenic transcripts tend not to be spliced." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

COUPLING FUNCTION. "The ultimate goal of these coupling reactions is to sort protein-coding RNAs (i.e. mRNA) from intergenic transcripts." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

COUPLING. "A common theme that has emerged from the study of mRNA synthesis is that various steps in RNA synthesis and processing are biochemically coupled. In other words, cellular machineries that participate in one biochemical activity also promote subsequent steps." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

COUNTER-ARGUMENT. "Although pervasive transcription has been used as an argument against junk DNA, it is in fact entirely in line with the idea that intergenic regions are evolving under little-to-no constraint, especially when one considers that this intergenic transcription is unstable." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

INTERGENIC RNA. "These data indicate that the majority of intergenic RNAs are degraded almost immediately after transcription. Consistent with this idea, the level of intergenic transcripts increase when RNA degradation machinery is inhibited." http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004351 View in LinkedIn

EXAMPLES OF #1: "The origin of chromosomes; the origin of eukaryotes with symbiotically derived organelles; the origin of sex; the origin of multicellular organisms...; and the origin of social groups." Loss of independent reproduction. View in LinkedIn

COMMON TRANSITION FEATURES. 1. "Entities that were capable of independent replication before the transition can only replicate as parts of the larger unit after it. For example, free living bacteria evolved into organelles." https://lnkd.in/eZ5-m7K View in LinkedIn

EUTHERIANS. "The first placentals had clearly sacrificed the talocrurals supinatory capability, facilitated by the marsupial meniscus, in favour of re-fashioning the lower extremities of tibia and rubia into a stable mortise for articulation with the re-fashioned talar body." https://lnkd.in/et2pUax View in LinkedIn