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FRAGMENT FROM NATURE is a contemplation about a mainstream and pervasive view of nature, namely that it is "nasty, short and brutish" (to borrow from Thomas Hobbes) or that it is a battle for survival, and survival of the fittest (to borrow from Darwin). Our modern cinematographic portrayal of most natural scenes is one of constant bloodshed, conflict, and imminent dangers. View in LinkedIn

Why Morocco is leading the charge against climate change http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/17/africa/morocco-green-energy/index.html View in LinkedIn

DIRECTIONALITY CHANGE. "This transition should be characterized by a reversal in the causal flow of information from bottom-up only to a situation characterized by bi-directional causality." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869.short View in LinkedIn

TRANSITION. "The emergence of life was probably marked by a transition in information processing capabilities." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869.short View in LinkedIn

THE SOURCE. "Without photosynthesizing organisms the Biosphere could not exist." http://www.digital-recordings.com/publ/publife.html View in LinkedIn

GOING DIGITAL. "Life forms that ‘go digital’ may be the only systems that survive in the long-run and are thus the only remaining product of the processes that led to life." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869.short View in LinkedIn

CATEGORY #2. LIFE AS FOOD. "All other organisms must make use of food that comes from other organisms in the form of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. These organisms which feed on others are called heterotrophs." They include herbivores, carnivores, fungi, and many microorganisms. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/autotroph.html View in LinkedIn

ANALOG LIMITATIONS. "Purely analogue life forms could have existed in the past but are not likely to survive over geological timescales without acquiring explicitly digitized informational protocols." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869.short View in LinkedIn

CATEGORY #1. PHOTONS AS FOOD. "Autotrophs are those organisms that are able to make energy-containing organic molecules from inorganic raw material by using basic energy sources such as sunlight. Plants are the prime example of autotrophs, using photosynthesis." http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/autotroph.html View in LinkedIn

CAUSAL EFFICACY. "We have presented a framework for understanding the origin of life as a transition in causal structure, and information management and control, whereby information gains causal efficacy over the matter it is instantiated in." http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869.short View in LinkedIn