REMNANTS. “Consider the six basic ‘diagnostic’ features of the Phylum Chordata, found in all chordates (and only chordates) at some point in their life cycle: the notochord; single, dorsal, hollow neural tube; myomeres (segmental muscle units); postanal tail; pharyngeal slits; and endostyle. In short, it is not possible to disconnect ontogenetic from phylogenetic remnants in this instance. Homologies of these jointly conserved evolutionary-developmental structures constitute another type of historical residues.”
https://evolution-outreach.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-014-0012-5