Month: September 2022

UNNATURAL SELECTION. “Displacement of natural plant and animal species by intensive agriculture or anarchic urban developments, including disturbances associated with unmanaged sewage, pollutants and/or radioactivity, are all important subsets of those intrusions that represent fundamental disturbances in the diversity and in the evolutionary dynamics of viral and bacterial communities inhabiting natural ecosystems.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

BIOCONTAMINATION. “The numbers of situations in which introduced domesticated plants/animals come into contact for the first time with indigenous viruses or bacteria from native plants/animals, have dramatically increased alongside the intensification of human activities.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

CROSSING THE SPECIES BARRIER. “Comparative genomics clearly links genomic- and phenotypic-characteristics with host adaptation, and reveals that major animal-associated clones most likely emerged after a human-to-animal host jump, followed by subsequent adaptive evolution.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

CROSSING EXAMPLE. “S. aureus transmission from human to bovine hosts was thought to have occurred ~5500 years ago, during the Neolithic revolution and the expansion of agriculture throughout the Old World.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

GLOBALIZATION AND CROSSING. “The current predominantly poultry-associated clones have most probably emerged after a human-to-poultry host jump, estimated to have occurred ~50 years ago, and which rapidly disseminated worldwide thanks to the globalization of the poultry industry.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

MALEABLE RELATIONSHIPS. “Strong environmental pressures can also shape pathobiomes, and turn otherwise pathological interactions into mutualistic relationships.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

EXTREMOPHYLE SYMBIOSES. “In extreme environments, such as in geothermal soils in Yellowstone National Park, evolution has selected plants that harbor fungal endophytes infected with a virus, and all three partners are required for thermal tolerance of the system.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

COLLABORATING PARTIES. “Pioneering studies have recently generated insights into interactions occurring within the pathogen-host-microbiome “ménage à trois” but in-depth analyses are necessary to better understand the impact of selective pressures on the interactions between the three players, which can result in the pathogen acquiring new functions by horizontal gene transfer or convergent evolution.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

HYBRID SYMBIONTS. “These interactions may ultimately lead to the occurrence of new, more virulent variants, or even to the emergence of new diseases due to the combination of synergistic/antagonist phenomena between different pathogens and non-pathogens (fungal, bacterial, or viral) in mixed or reconstructed communities.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn

NEW PATHOGEN CONCEPT. “New sequencing technologies have shifted the study focus from the organism to the community of pathogens and other microbes within their environment. Such an expanded point of view results in a paradigm shift, in that the “pathogen” is no longer understood to be a single isolated organism.” https://lnkd.in/gEfVGaC View in LinkedIn