linkedin post 2016-10-23 06:31:17

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METAMORPHOSIS of the Monarch butterfly described. "The caterpillar enters the chrysalis stage without vision, because the head capsule was discarded with its six simple eyes, so it can now only distinguish light from darkness. The inside portion of the chrysalis, below the gold crown, turns to a jade green liquid within the first 16 hours, as the caterpillar's stomach, intestines, and most all of the other internal parts disintegrate." https://lnkd.in/eXsDT2s View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2016-10-23 06:36:05

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MONARCH CHRYSALIS. "In the center portion of the gold crown area is a red heart, about 0.1 inches in diameter, surrounded by a yellowish substance. This heart pulsates at about 40 to 60 beats per minute. The thin outer chrysalis layer contains cells which later develop into the wings of the butterfly." https://www.icr.org/article/366/208 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2016-10-23 06:40:06

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EMERGING MONARCH. "After 8 to 14 days, the caterpillar emerges from the chrysalis in as rapidly as from 15 to 30 seconds. It extends its wings by pumping fluid from its abdomen into the wing veins, and is ready to fly in about 15 minutes. Once the wings dry, which takes approximately 2 hours, the butterfly is full grown, having been transformed into an entirely different creature from the caterpillar." https://www.icr.org/article/366/208 View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2016-10-23 06:44:45

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SO ENDS this first weekend on butterfly metamorphosis. What a complicated adaptation to put yourself through, where you basically liquefy your first body and completely reform it into a new one, all the while staying alive and not turning into a pot of cooling stew. Still to this day, despite all the scanning technology, the process is largely inscrutable. View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2016-10-24 04:19:22

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ENLARGED GENE FAMILIES. "Clusters of duplicated genes have also formed through tandem duplication (TD) processes, which have greatly expanded some gene families, such as the Nucleotide Binding Site-Leucine Rich Repeat (NBS-LRR) subset of plant resistance genes. Unequal recombination is thought to be the primary mechanism driving the expansion of these gene clusters." https://lnkd.in/eHCDVhZ View in LinkedIn
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linkedin post 2016-10-24 04:25:36

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GENE FATES AFTER DUPLICATION. "Following duplication, each gene within a paralogous pair may evolve in several ways. For example, it may retain the same set of functions as the ancestral copy, retain only a subset of the original set of functions (subfunctionalization), obtain a new function (neofunctionalization), or degrade into a nonfunctional gene (nonfunctionalization)." https://lnkd.in/eHCDVhZ View in LinkedIn
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